American Literature
" Howells believed the future
of American writing was not in poetry but in novels, a form which he saw shifting from "romance" to a serious form.
Mark Twain and his critique of American civilisation through the eyes of children.
Mark Twain shared a common understanding of U.S. identity and world mission. The national narrative originated in nineteenthcentury history
texts, which fuse ProtestantChristian and Enlightenment values. According to the textbooks, the Puritans came to the New World to establish
religious freedom, and American civil liberties are a uniquely Protestant idea. The doctrine of Free Trade became part of the narrative, semantically
shifting words like "freedom" to connote the marketplace rather than the social arena. By the end of the century the energies of 19thcentury
evangelical outreach crossed over into U.S
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