"philosophise" - 1 õppematerjal

Kaasaegne teaduslik mõtlemine ja filosoofilised meetodid

A→4  The absence of ​A​ says nothing on the presence or absence of ​4​. 4 ​is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for ​A​. The presence of 4 says nothing on the presence or absence of ​A The absence of ​4​ requires the absence of ​A ¬4 → ¬A Philosophy of Science II What is Philosophy? What is Science? What is Philosophy of Science? - Difficulty of providing a definition - To define philosophy, we need to philosophise. Philosophy is inevitable! What is ‘What is’? Importance of Definitions Definitions are important to avoid ​verbal disputes ( =/ factual disputes) Example: ‘There is no one ​outside’ The universe of discourse All ​newspaper readers ​are ​well-educated → The universe of discourse = “persons” All ​persons who are newspaper readers ​are ​persons who are well-educated. Intension vs Extension