docx1/28/2010 1 -3 some of the VA elements exhibit the -3 state for ionic compounds; several exhibit + states in covalent compounds N-3 nitride P-3 phosphide -4 only carbon exhibits the -4 state for a limited number of ionic compounds C-4 carbide Polyatomic ions +1 the only commonly encountered ion is the ammonium ion NH4+ ammonium -1 (NO2)-1 nitrite (ClO4)-1 perchlorate (NO3)-1 nitrate (ClO3)-1 chlorate (HSO4)-1 hydrogen sulfate, bisulfate (ClO2)-1 chlorite (HCO3)-1 hydrogen carbonate, bicarbonate (ClO)-1 hypochlorite (HSO3)-1 hydrogen sulfite, bisulfite (IO3)-1 iodate (MnO4)-1 permanganate (BrO3)-1 bromate
The Cataclysmic Death of Stars Republished from the pages of National Geographic magazine Written by Ron Cowen March 2007 Ever since he was a teenager, Stan Woosley has had a love for chemical elements and a fondness for blowing things up. Growing up in the late 1950s in Texas, "I did everything you could do with potassium nitrate, perchlorate, and permanganate, mixed with a lot of other things," he says. "If you mixed potassium nitrate with sulfur and charcoal, you got gunpowder. If you mixed it with sugar, you got a lot of smoke and a nice pink fire." He tested his explosive concoctions on a Fort Worth golf course: "I screwed the jar down tight and ran like hell." "kaboomWoosley", now an astronomer at the University of California at Santa Cruz, has graduated to bigger explosions--much bigger
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