visitors, particularly from Finland. Before World War II, Vilsandi had 33 farms, with a population of around 200 people. Today, the population numbers around 30 individuals. To date, several wooden windmills have been rebuilt as well as the Tolli farm. The Tolli farm was a favorite vacation spot for several Estonian writers. Of interest to geologists, the islands of Vilsandi and Vaika consist of 400 million year old dolomite outcrops. These outcrops can be viewed on the northern coast, opposite of Vesiloo island, and close to the lighthouse. The lighthouse was first built in 1809. So it's an old lighthouse.
located in the far north of the country. The coastline is deeply indented; two prominent features are the excellent natural harbor at Antsiranana and the large island of Nosy-Be. The mountainous topography to the south limits the potential of a port at Antsiranana by impeding the traffic from other parts of the island. The central highlands The central highlands contain a wide variety of topographies: rounded and eroded hills, massive . granite outcrops and alluvial plains and marshes. The central highlands include the Anjafy High Plateaux and the Ankaratra Massif. A prominent feature of the central highlands is a rift valley, the largest body of water on the island, having a length of forty kilometers. This region has experienced geological subsidence, and earth tremors are frequent here. The west coast The west coast, composed of sedimentary formations deposited in several layers over
area. The Kaali Meteorite is the last (ca 7500 yrs ago) giant meteorite fallen to the densely inhabited area in the world. · he River Võhandu is the longest river in Estonia 156km, with its source in the Otepää Upland, near the Village of Sirvaste. The oldest part of the River from the Leevi Mill Dam to the Bridge of Reo is under natural protection. The protection area is 12km long and covers 300 meters of the landscape from each bank. Of the 38 outcrops in the protection area the biggest and most fascinating are Põdramüür (16.2m of height), Viira veskimüür (16.5m), Sojatare, Kalmate rnüür and the highest of all Tsirgu müür (17.1m). Of the many springs the most peculiar one is Maraläte (laying bare up to 9 meters of sandstone). · Piusa Caves are situated in the Parish of Orava in the left slope of the ancient Valley of the River Piusa, near Piusa Railway Station on the ValgaPetseri railway
The longest rivers are the Võhandu (162 km) and Pärnu (144 km). The Emajõgi flows for 101 km and its drainage basin covers 9740 sq km. NATURE CONSERVATION AND PROTECTED AREAS In 2004 Estonia had 360 different protected areas, apart from 448 protected parks, and over 1200 natural monuments. The total area of protected land covers over 550 000 hectares (more than 10% of the Estonian territory). Protection is extended to diverse elements such as waterfalls, hills, karst areas, outcrops, caves, lakes, craters an so on. Lahemaa National Park is the largest and oldest national park in Estonia. It covers 1119 square km. The park has reserves where any human activity is prohibited except for scientific purposes. It features various landscapes. Soomaa National Park offers real wilderness it covers 370 sq km of a vast lowland is central Estonia. The aim of the park is to protect Estonia's bigger bogs, meadows and forests. The Viidumäe Nature reserve is a small
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