Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis 2019
also outer membrane proteins and lipopolysaccharides. The different virulence strains of the
disease are associated with capsular pili. Pili is important structural attributes that helps the
bacteria to adhere to the corneal surface. Attachment keeps bacteria safe from blinking
activity of the eyelids and being washed off by the lachrymal secretions (Postma et al., 2007).
The pilated strain of Moraxella bovis is the only form able to cause infection and clinical
signs. Nonpilated forms do not cause infections. Moraxella bovis has some factors associated
with fibroblasts, neutrophils and collagenase release from epithelial cells. One of these
factors are hydrolytic enzymes which have the ability to degrade lipids, matrix proteins,
mucopolysaccharides may cause corneal ulcerations. There are also necrotizing and cytotoxic
factors released by bacteria, that exterminates corneal epithelial cells. Moraxella bovis has
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