Neurobioloogias sönade seletus, ingl keelne
between neurones. It is produced (synthesised) inside a neurone and released at a
synapse* in response to an action potential* (i.e. voltage-dependent release).
Neurotransmitter binds to selective receptors at the postsynaptic membrane, leading to
secondary events such as changes in the membrane potential. Inhibitory
neurotransmitters act against generation of an action potential, while excitatory
neurotransmitters facilitate it.
NEUROTROPHIC FACTORS (NEUROTROPHINS) – Biologically active
substances of peptide* or protein* structure, produced by glia or neurones within the
nervous system. They play important guiding roles in the developing nervous system
and appear to provide neuroprotection in the adult brain. Insufficient activity of n.f.
may lead to an increased apoptosis (programmed cell death) and neurodegeneration.
NOCICEPTOR – A type of sensory receptor* which is present in the skin and visceral
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