algne info mõjutab kategoriseerimist) Kategoriseerimine vastandub individualiseerimisele: kaksikprotsesside teooriad. 1. Dekategoriseerimine, Brewer (1988) juht, kus kategoorilise heuristiku asemel hakatakse kasutama süstemaatilist heuristikut. Hakatakse koguma süstemaatiliselt infot ja individualiseerimise protsess toimub isiku kui indiviidi kategoriseerimine ja toimub ebaõiglane negatiivne omistamine. 2. Fiske ja Neuberg (1990) mulje kujunemine algab nii, et esmalt tahetakse mahutada keegi juba olemasolevasse kategooriasse. Kui ei sobi kuskile ja on erinev, siis hakatakse inimest individualiseerima. Inimestel on sõltuvalt gruppi kuuluvusest erinevad hoiakud liikmete suhtes. Oma grupi kohta meenutatakse enam positiivset. Seetõttu soolised, rassistlikud eelarvamused. Kogu info, mis on stereotüübile vastupidine, tõmbab inimestel suurt tähelepanu
This time, because someone mistook a '''/,'' for a "2," they bet wrong. In the long run, over all the past and future situations of their lives, betting those shortcut odds may represent the most rational approach possible. In fact, automatic, stereotyped behavior is prevalent in much human action, because in many cases, it is the most efficient form of behaving (Gigerenzer ~ Goldstein, 1996), and in other cases it is simply necessary (Bodenhausen, Macrae, ~ Sherman, 1999; Fiske ~ Neuberg, 1990). You and I exist in an extraordinarily com- plicated environment, easily the most rapidly moving and complex that has ever existed on this planet. To deal with it, we need shortcuts. We can't be expected to recognize and analyze all the aspects in each person, event, and situation we en- counter in even one day. We haven't the time, energy, or capacity for it. Instead, we must very often use our stereotypes, our rules of thumb, to classify things accord-
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