Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis 2019
activity of the eyelids and being washed off by the lachrymal secretions (Postma et al., 2007).
The pilated strain of Moraxella bovis is the only form able to cause infection and clinical
signs. Nonpilated forms do not cause infections. Moraxella bovis has some factors associated
with fibroblasts, neutrophils and collagenase release from epithelial cells. One of these
factors are hydrolytic enzymes which have the ability to degrade lipids, matrix proteins,
mucopolysaccharides may cause corneal ulcerations. There are also necrotizing and cytotoxic
factors released by bacteria, that exterminates corneal epithelial cells. Moraxella bovis has
ability to produce hemolysin and it is essential virulence factor of bacteria. Nonhemolytic
strains are not so capable to cause IBK. The source of hemolytic isolates can be recovered
when there is enough UV radiation (Brown et al., 1998).
Clinical signs
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