The Middle Ages
The Scots led by Bruce won tge Battle of Bannockburn in 1314. In 1328 young Ed III agreed
to respect Scotland's independence. The attempts of English kings to control Scotland had led
the Scots to turn to the king of France. Both countries agreed that whenever England attacked
one of them, the other would make trouble behind England's back. In 1346 the Scots attacked
England, but were defeated & King David II (Bruce's son) was taken prisoner. The French
paid ransom. But the Scottish monarcy survived. David's successor was Robert II, the 1st of a
new royal line called the Stuarts.
Like the English king the Scottish kings were involved in long struggles with their nobles,
Scotland experienced plagues, wars. Many kings died James I was murdered in 1437, James
II died in an accident before he was 30, James III was murdered in 1488. However, by the end
of the 15th cent. it was obvious that Scotland had developed as a nation & was separate
country from England
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