Economic Country Review
currently challenged by an aging population and the fluctuations of an exportdriven economy
(Central Intelligence Agency, 2012, ISSN 15538133).
2.1.2 Geography
Location: Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland,
between Sweden and Russia
Area: total: 338,145 km2 land: 303,815 km2 and water: 34,330 km2
Coastline: 1250 km
Climate: cold temperate; potentially subarctic but comparatively mild because of
moderating inf luence of the North Atlantic Current, Baltic Sea, and more than 60,000
lakes
Terrain: mostly low, f lat to rolling plains interspersed with lakes and low hills
Natural resources: timber, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, chromite, nickel, gold, silver,
limestone
Land use: arable land: 6.54%, permanent crops: 0.02%, other: 93.44% (2005)
Environment current issues: air pollution from manufacturing and power plants
contributing to acid rain; water pollution from industrial wastes, agricultural
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