them that one can build up a picture of the whole. De Tocqueville, in earlier work on the French Revolution, had explained how it was the printed word that, achieving cultural saturation in the eighteenth century, had homogenized the French nation. Frenchmen were the same kind of people from north to south. The typographic principles of uniformity, continuity, and lineality had overlaid the complexities of ancient feudal and oral society. The Revolution was carried out by the new literati and lawyers. In England, however, such was the power of the ancient oral traditions of common law, backed by the medieval institution of Parliament, that no uniformity or continuity of the new visual print culture could take complete hold. The result was that the most important event in English history has never taken place; namely, the English Revolution on the lines of the French Revolution. The American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to discard or
Estonian societies, choirs and orchestras were established in parishes. The money-raising operation which began in Viljandimaa turned into an all-Estonian mass organisation with its own chief committee which arranged various cultural events and agitation activities. This collection was intended for the setting up of the first Estonian-language higher popular school (called Estonian Alexander School in honour of Alexander I). The Society of Estonian Literati (18721893), founded in Tartu and consisting of Estonian intellectuals, advanced the Estonian written language, organised the gathering of folklore and ethnographic material, and published literature in their native tongue. The song and drama societies (i.e. theatrical association) forming Vanemuine laid a foundation for an Estonian national theatre (the first performance took place in 1870) and, following the German example, organised the first song festival in 1869
also wrote many sardonic items such as "Neighborhoods I Have Moved From; by a Hypochondriac". He also tried his hand at book reviews, plays, and literary criticism. The Lost Galleon and Other Tales (1867) was one of his first major works. The same year he became editor of the literary journal The Overland Monthly where his famous stories of "The Luck of Roaring Camp" (1870) brought him widespread fame. Plain Language from Truthful James (1870) followed. He was no sooner a member of the literati in San Francisco when he and his family decided to head east again and settled in Boston. His wellearned positive reviews and accolades preceded him and he was soon wellacquainted with New England authors Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, among others. It also greatly helped that the journal Atlantic Monthly had contracted him for a year's worth of writing with a whopping advance of $10,000
annaabi.ee 
