Kaasaegne teaduslik mõtlemine ja filosoofilised meetodid
(will be discussed later)
What is the demarcation criterion between Science and Non-science?
Important problem in Philosophy of Science
Useful to discredit Pseudo-science.
Falsifiability
Karl Popper’s criterion of demarcation: falsifiability
Falsifiability is the possibility to falsify.
A statement is falsifiable if it is possible that it conflicts with an observation.
Marx’s theory of History, Freud’s Psychoanalytic theory, Astrology, etc.
Being infalsifiable does not mean being incorrect. It simply means being unscientific.
Pseudo-science typically holds infalsifiable theories to be scientifically true.
Criticism:
Intuitive but oversimplistic.
Falsifiability is an attitude of the scientist, rather than a property of scientific claims:
Astrology also is falsifiable. But astrologers are not falsificationists.
Falsifiability does not suffice.
Unscientific is what has been regularly and largely tested and failed the test.
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