Molekulaardiagnostika kordamisküsimused
Serological methods are highly sensitive, specific and
often extremely rapid tests used to identify microorganisms. These tests are based upon
the ability of an antibody to bind specifically to an antigen. The antigen, usually a protein
or carbohydrate made by an infectious agent, is bound by the antibody. This binding then
sets off a chain of events that can be visibly obvious in various ways, dependent upon the
test. Complex serological techniques have been developed into what are known as
Immunoassays. Immunoassays can use the basic antibody antigen binding as the basis
to produce an electro - magnetic or particle radiation signal, which can be detected by
some form of instrumentation. Signal of unknowns can be compared to that of standards
allowing quantitation of the target antigen. To aid in the diagnosis of infectious diseases,
immunoassays can detect or measure antigens from either infectious agents or proteins
generated by an infected organism in response to a foreign agent.
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