Organic matter influence directly or indirectly on the population and activity of soil microorganisms. It influences the structure and texture of soil and thereby activity of the microorganisms. 9. Food and energy supply: Almost all microorganisms obtain their food and energy from the plant residues or organic matter / substances added to the soil. Energy is required for the metabolic activities of microorganisms. The heterotrophs utilize the energy liberated during the oxidation of complex organic compounds in soil, while autotrophs meet their energy requirement form oxidation of simple inorganic compounds (chemoautotroph) or from solar radiation (Photoautotroph). Thus, the source of food and energy rich material is essential for the microbial activity in soil. The organic matter, therefore serves both as a source of food nutrients as well as energy required by the soil organisms. 10
salvestatakse fotosünteesi protsessis kompleksseteks energiarikasteks molekulideks. Autotrophs organisms that are able to synthesize all the complex organic molecules they require for life using only simple inorganic compounds and an external energy source. , . Heterotroofid Heterotroofid e. konsumendid e. teistesööjad on organismid, kes kehaainese lähtematerjalina kasutavad organismivälist orgaanilist ainet (loomad, seened, parasiittaimed ja enamik baktereist). Heterotrophs organisms that get the carbon necessary for life from organic substrates. , . Hingamine Nii taimed kui loomad vajavad energiat elutegevuseks. See energia saadakse protsessis, mida nimetatakse hingamiseks e. respiratsiooniks. Hingamine koosneb enam kui 70 erinevast keemilisest reaktsioonist. Selle käigus vabaneb fotosünteesil talletatud keemiliste sidemete energia. Respiration the process in which nutrients are converted into useful energy in a cell. () , ,
14 ref to coppicing / pollarding; 15 (deciduous trees) regrow from base/ idea of rotation/ cycle; 16 standards / large trees not coppiced, as encourages biodiversity; 7 [7] 16. population; habitat; community; ecosystem; (first) trophic; R tropic producers/(photo) autotrophs/autotrophic; (primary) consumers/heterotrophs/heterotrophic/herbivore; R carnivore/other qualified consumer 7 [7] 17. 1 mark per correct row Look for both ticks and crosses. If a table consists of ticks ONLY or crosses ONLY, then assume that the blank spaces are the other symbol.
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