EU Internal Market
Italian Ministry for Foreign Trade (case 13/68)).
Even a quota system applying to a small part of the country counts as a quantitative restriction. (See the
Ditlev Bluhme case (Danish Brown bees) (case C-67/97)).
Forcing importers to have licences is also an example of a quantitative restriction. Although the courts
have sometimes decided that it is a measure equivalent to a quantitative restriction (MEQR). (As they did
in the case of International Fruit Co NV v Produktschap voor Groenten en Fruit (cases 51-4/71).
Directive 70/50 highlighted how QR's and MEQR's did not have to be legally binding. For example, the
Buy Irish case (Commission v. Ireland (249/81), where it was held that Irish policies were influencing
traders and frustrating the aims of the Union.
Measures Equivalent to Quantitative Restrictions (MEQR's)
What are MEQR's defined as?
The case of Dassonville defined MEQR's as, "All trading rules enacted by Member States which are
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