of the peninsulares, but the power of the Catholic Church and their shared loyalty to the Spanish crown worked against revolution. In 1808, however, Napoleon Bonaparte put his brother Joseph on the throne in Madrid and thus called the legitimacy of the Spanish crown into serious question. Revolutionary thought throughout New Spain gained momentum as a result. On September 16, 1810, in Guanajuato, Mexico, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a criollos parish priest, gave the Grito de Dolores, the Cry of Dolores, which called for Mexican independence. In California events in Mexico were followed as closely as possible and stimulated a great deal of discussion. The Californios were definitely attracted to political concepts found in the American constitution, but were horrified by the political chaos that they saw in Mexico. After Mexican independence had been won in 1821, Californios continued to feel neglected by the Mexican
= Ya no juego. I no longer play. 40. Holiday Phrases Feliz Navidad Merry Christmas Feliz Año Nuevo Happy New Year Feliz Cumpleaños Happy Birthday Feliz Pascua Happy Easter Spanish National Anthem: Marcha Real There are no words to the Spanish national anthem; it is completely instrumental. Mexican National Anthem: Mexicanos, al Grito de Guerra by Francisco González Bocanegra 28 Mexicanos, al grito de guerra Mexicans, at the cry of battle El acero aprestad y el bridón; lend your swords and bridle; y retiemble en sus centros la tierra and let the earth tremble at its center Al sonoro rugir del cañón.
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