Molekulaarbioloogia praksi kontrolltöö vastused
retinoid receptors- that modulate the expression of a number of target genes. Peptide
hormone provide another class of inuctive signals, including those that belong to the
fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and transforming growth factor(TGF) families. Ano
their petide hormone essential for neural induction is sonic hedgehog(shh). These
molecules, like retioic acid are produced by a variety of embryonic tissues including
the notochord the floorplate, and the neural ectoderm
itself, they bind to cell surface receptors, many which are protein kinases.
Retinoic acid (RA) may act as a regulator of differentiation at various stages of vertebrate
embryogenesis. In particular, the results of exogeneous RA treatment have implicated RA
in antero-posterior patterning both along the body axis and in developing Limb bud. A
variety of abnormalities, including Neural tube defects, craniofacial abnormalities, and
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