Roman Britain
Vespasian, is directly attested to have taken part. The IX Hispana,the XIV Gemina (later
styled Martia Victrix) and the XX are attested in 60/61 during the Boudican Revolt, and are
likely to have been there since the initial invasion. However, the Roman army was flexible,
with units being used and moved whenever necessary, so this is not certain. Only the
Legio IX Hispana is likely to have stayed there, as it is attested to being in residence at
Eburacum (York) in AD 71 and on a building inscription there dated AD 108, before its
eventual destruction fighting in the East, likely during the Bar Kochba Revolt.
The invasion was delayed by a mutiny of the troops, who were eventually persuaded by an
imperial freedman to overcome their fear of crossing the Ocean and campaigning beyond
the limits of the known world. They sailed in three divisions, and probably landed at