Population
England has 383 people per sq km, Scotland has 65, Wales 142 and Northern Ireland 125.
3. Towns. Most people in Britain live in towns or cities (92%) that is most of the
population is urban. Population of the main urban areas in 2001:
London 7,172,091 Edinburgh 430,082 Belfast 276,459
Birmingham 970,892 Manchester 394,269
Glasgow 629,501 Cardiff 292,150
The highest densities are to be found in conurbations, which are groups of once separate
towns that have grown together. Although Britain is short of housing, planners like to keep a
belt of undeveloped land around cities known as a green belt to reduce pollution and
provide open spaces for leisure. This has meant that the only alternative to the
redevelopment of slum areas in the conurbations (such as the Docklands development in
London) has been the creation of New Towns such as Harlow in Essex. The industrial area
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