Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis 2019
signs depend on environment, season concurrent pathogens, host immune system and
Moraxella bovis strain. The disease is highly contagious and can easily spread in the farm.
Moraxella bovis is not capable to move but can cause the destruction of red blood cells (M.H.
Brown et al. 1998). All Moraxella isolates of veterinary importance, including Moraxella
ovis, Moraxella bovis, and Moraxella bovoculi, have the ability to form biofilms. Researches
have shown that biofilms are related to the chronicity because of the increased antimicrobial
resistance and it is considerable defence mechanism for being washed away or destroyed by
bovine tear secretions. One of the main defence factors in the bovine tear is lysozyme. Studies
have shown that lysozyme have ability to reduce the production of biofilms, but do not have
the capacity to destroy the preformed biofilms (Ely et al., 2017). In addition to the tear film
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