And thus her favourite game of "Let's pretend" started. Suddenly the Looking-Glass House caught Alice's attention. She had always been wondering about the Looking-Glass world. It was so tempting. Without even noticing she was on the mantelpiece and through the looking-glass. The room was quite uninteresting and untidy. But there were some interesting things the pictures on the wall were alive and so were the pawns on the chessboard and the words in the book were only to be read through the looking-glass. Alice couldn't have left the place without seeing the garden so she ran outside where she met some talkative flowers and the Red Queen. The Red Queen was kind enough to help Alice to the top of the hill (and she actually had to walk in the other direction to reach the desired place). Once on the top of the hill Alice noted that the world seemed as if it were a chessboard
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3) Retrieval: using the stored information. It is believed that schema processing can affect memory at all three stages. For example in encoding. Acquiring expertise is a process of developing schemas that help encode information into meaningful patterns (like notes for musicians). Chase and Simon demonstrated that point in an intriguing study. Three chess players an expert, and intermediate player and a beginner were allowed 5 seconds to look at a chessboard containing 25 pieces. Then they looked away and tried to construct the same placement of the pieces on an empty board. This was tried many times with different arrangements. When the pieces were arranged in meaningful positions that might actually occur in game situations, the expert typically recalled about 16 pieces, intermediate about 8 and the novice only 4. But when the arrangement was random, each player remembered only 2 or 3 pieces. The concepts of schemas and chunking can explain that