- peamine polümeraas! Omab 3'-eksonukleaasi aktiivsust, teeb vähem vigu · DNA-primaas sünteesib oligonukleotiidse praimeri · DNA-ligaas ühendab mahajääva ahela fragmente 4. Tsentromeeride funktsioon, struktuur. (2p) A centromere functions in sister chromatid adhesion, kinetochore formation, and pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiosis, prophase and metaphase. The centromere is also where kinetochore formation takes place: proteins bind on the centromeres that form an anchor point for the spindle formation required for the pull of chromosomes toward the centrioles during anaphase and telophase of mitosis. Improperly functioning centromeres result in the chromosomes that do not align and separate properly, resulting in aneuploidy or daughter cells receiving the wrong number of chromosomes. Aneuploidy can cause conditions such as Down syndrome if the cells survive at all.
disease, increased numbers of anaerobic species, ref to heavy metal toxicity 4 max [4] 80. humans are eukaryotes / Escherichia coli is a prokaryote; humans / eukaryotes have (accept ora) larger, proteins / genes; introns; ‘junk’ DNA / non-coding DNA; repeating sequences; centromeres / telomeres; fossil genes; E. coli cell much smaller; ora selection for, less waste of space / more compact genome; 2 max [2] 81. (i) semi-conservative replication; DNA, polymerase / helicase; breaks hydrogen bonds between two DNA strands / unzips DNA;
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