The centromeric DNA is normally in a heterochromatin state, which is essential for the recruitment of the cohesin complex that mediates sister chromatid cohesion after DNA replication as well as coordinating sister chromatid separation during anaphase. In this chromatin, the normal histone H3 is replaced with a centromere-specific variant, CENP-A in humans. 5. Peamine erinevu prokarüootse ja eukarüootse mRNA vahel. (1p) The mRNAs of many bacteria and bacteriophages are polygenic or polycistronic. A polycistronic mRNA is transcribed by the several structural genes of an operon. It contains several sites for initiating and terminating polypeptide synthesis. On the other hand all known eukaryotes have only one site for initiation of protein synthesis. Thus eukaryote mRNAs are monocistronic. In most bacterial mRNAs translation begins while the mRNA is still being transcribed on DNA. In
treating medical equipment, animal feed, and spices, while lacking capacity for meat processing. Figure 14.1. Radura logo (international and U.S. FDA versions). Phage Technology Bacteriophages (also known as phages), from Use of irradiation of up to 4.5 kGy for “bacteria” and Greek phagin, “to eat,” are refrigerated red meats, up to 7 kGy for frozen viruses that infect bacteria. Phages consist of meats, and up to 3 kGy for poultry is permit- an outer protein shell with enclosed DNA or ted in the United States (FDA 1999) and RNA. Phages infect, grow, and multiply only is reflected in the U.S
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