What I am saying; heaven sees my heart. We're not the dupes of all your canting mummers; There are false heroes--and false devotees; And as true heroes never are the ones Who make much noise about their deeds of honour, Just so true devotees, whom we should follow, Are not the ones who make so much vain show. What! Will you find no difference between Hypocrisy and genuine devoutness? And will you treat them both alike, and pay The self-same honour both to masks and faces Set artifice beside sincerity, Confuse the semblance with reality, Esteem a phantom like a living person, And counterfeit as good as honest coin? Men, for the most part, are strange creatures, truly! You never find them keep the golden mean; The limits of good sense, too narrow for them, Must always be passed by, in each direction; They often spoil the noblest things, because They go too far, and push them to extremes. I merely say this by the way, good brother. ORGON
1 Dina Daragan. Kuulberg’s Second Symphony. Sovetskaya Muzyka 4 (1978). musically echo the libretto.1 Between 1967 and 1977 he composed 36 works mostly extensive forms and cyclic works. Kuulberg does not cause problems for himself about such canonical concepts as form, structure, laws of development, clarity in harmony and melody… In spite of this he is lightly and painlessly successful in effecting results, in colourful sound combinations, in any surprising artifice.2 In the composer’s own words: My musical language draws on an imaginative blend of pronounced rhythm and Estonian folk melodies and it ranges from medieval polyphony to aleatory techniques. I have a particular inclination towards impressionistic harmony. A strong feeling for forms and the use of polyphonic material give my works a compact profile. Complicated technical elements give my music its effect, offering many different possibilities to the performer.3 XXII
might well accept, recognizing that we have obligated ourselves to a return favor sometime in the future. To engage in this sort of arrangement with another is not to be exploited by that person through the rule for reciprocation. Quite the contrary; it is to participate fairly in the "honored network of obligation" that has served us so well, both individually and societally, from the dawn of humanity. However, if the initial favor turns out to be a device, a trick, an artifice designed specifically to stimulate our compliance with a larger return favor, that is a dif- ferent story. Our partner is not a benefactor but a profiteer; and it is here that we should respond to the action on precisely those terms. Once we have deter- mined that the initial offer was not a favor but a compliance tactic, we need only react to it accordingly to be free of its influence. As long as we perceive and de-
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