Bridges presentation
framework. This type of bridge also reaches back into history, integrating ancient technology such as
the rope ferry with new structural forms and materials such as the iron beam and the strongest steel
cables. The transporter bridge was the original solution to spanning the mouth of a river or entrance
to a harbour and also served as a monumental gateway. Although it was patented in the UK and the
USA in the mid 19th century, the first significant example was built by French engineer Ferdinand
Arnodin, at Portugalete (1893) in Spain. Arnodin also invented the twisted steel cable, an important
innovation for this type of bridge. The only other survivors are located in the United Kingdom at
Middlesbrough and Newport (Wales) and at Martrou (France).
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