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Typically one instance of the complex object is created, and multiple proxy objects are created, all
of which contain a reference to the single original complex object. Any operations performed on
the proxies are forwarded to the original object. Once all instances of the proxy are out of scope,
the complex object's memory may be de allocated.
6. Antipatterns
In software engineering, an anti-pattern (or antipattern) is a design pattern that appears obvious
but is ineffective or far from optimal in practice.[1][2]
The term was coined in 1995 by Andrew Koenig,[3] inspired by Gang of Four's book Design
Patterns, which developed the concept of design patterns in the software field. The term was
widely popularized three years later by the book AntiPatterns, which extended the use of the term
beyond the field of software design and into general social interaction. According to the authors of
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