diffrence between anaerobic metabolism ja aerobic metabolism. Because of the complexity of bacterial metabolism the report is mainly about the fundamental diffrences in catabolism (enzymes used and energy and products that are gained) and the defenceses that are used against oxidative stress. To write this report different literary sources, review journals and articels have been used to describe the metabolism in anaerobes and in aerobes. Sissejuhatus Metabolism on kõikide rakus toimuvate protsesside ja reaktsioonide ühine nimetaja. Need protsessid võib jagada kahte rühma vastavalt lõhustumis (katabolism) või sünteesi protsesside (anabolism) hulka. Anabolism on lihtsamatest keemilistest ühenditest keerulisemate ühendite sünteesimine. Sünteesi protsessid on vajalikud rakkude kasvuks ja paljunemiseks. Kõik organismid vajavad energiat ja aineid selleks, et sünteesida elutegevuseks vajalike keerulisi
currently of nine species, but only P. pento- such as Staphylococcus xylosus, S. carnosus, saceus is generally used as a starter culture S. equorum, and S. saprophyticus, are for meat fermentation. The species P. cerevi- frequently isolated from dry fermented siae, frequently mentioned as a starter culture, sausages, but other species occur, too. has now been reclassified as P. pentosaceus. Staphylococci are facultative anaerobes The genome-sequencing project of P. pento- capable of metabolizing a number of differ- saceus ATCC 25745 is complete (http:// ent sugars. Under anaerobic conditions, the genome.jgi-psf.org/draft_microbes/pedpe/ major end product is lactic acid, but acetate, pedpe.info.html). piruvate, and acetoin are also formed. Since S. xylosus and S. carnosus are
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