Integration of Lean Con. and Building Information Modelling
3.3.11 Value in construction projects
The starting point for Toyota is the client/customer and the first question is always: "What does the
customer want from this process?" Doing something else other than what the customer expects is
always waste. Therefore, understanding the value for the customer should be as critical as it is in TPS.
A clear and thorough client briefing is considered to be the most useful strategy for reducing variations
(AlSehaimi and Koskela, 2008). Studying and understanding the value parameters and purposes of the
client is a bilateral communication between the supplier and the customer, as illustrated in the
following figure:
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Figure 3.7 The conceptual scheme of a supplier-customer pair, source Koskela 2000,
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