TheCodeBreakers
October, 1943, by Colonel Hugo Kettler, 48, who had had considerable
intercept experience and who brought out the best in his men.
In 1944, the Chiffrierabteilung was divided into eight groups. Four
came directly under Kettler; the other four were combined into two
supergroups, Gruppen II and III into Hauptgruppe A for cryptography,
Gruppen IV and V into Hauptgruppe B for cryptanalysis, each with its
own head who reported to Kettler. This was the organization:
Gruppe Z (Zentralgruppe): personnel; pay, administration; office
space and furnishings; Nazi ideological supervision.
Gruppe I: Organization and Control. Referat la: di-
*The term "Nachrichten" reflects this, since it means not only
"communications" or "signals" but also "intelligence." In
nonmilitary contexts, it means "news" or "information."
rection of the international monitoring service (Chi had
intercept posts in Madrid and Seville as well as Lorrach and
annaabi.ee 
