Psühholoogia bioloogiline-, kognitiivne- ja sotsiaalne vaade
to the wealth of the country (people in these countries don't have such a need to
depend on each other). There has been increasing criticism and research on
individualism-collectivism. It has been pointed out that his sample was predominantly
male, and was drawn only from specific group of people and his data is very old by
now. A more devastating attack on him is the findings that individualism and
collectivism are essentially independent or uncorrelated with each other. Gelfand et
al. have found out from presenting concepts relating to individualism, collectivism
and authoritarianism to American students, that individualism and collectivism were
not related and that there was a strong negative correlation between individualism and
authoritarianism. In general, individuals want to control their own lives, whereas
authoritarians want to control other people's lives.