Acid Rain Acid rain is any precipitation that is unusually acidic. It possesses elevated levels of hydrogen ions(it has low pH level). Acid rain is caused by emissions of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, which react with water molecules. Distilled water(doesn't contain CO 2), has pH level 7. Liquids with pH level less than 7 are acidic, liquids with pH level greater than 7 are alkaline. Unpolluted rain has a pH level over 5.7, so it is slightly acidic. Affected areas Places significantly impacted by acid rain around the globe include most of eastern Europe from Poland northward into Scandinavia, the eastern third of the United States and southeastern Canada
Acid rains Stefani Nimtsuk What is acid rain? Rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic It can have harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals, and infrastructure through the process of wet deposition Acid rain is caused by emissions of compounds of ammonium, carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids History Since the Industrial Revolution, emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides to the atmosphere have increased In 1852, Robert Angus Smith was the first to show the relationship between acid rain and atmospheric pollution in Manchester, England Though acidic rain was discovered in 1852, it was not until the late 1960s that scientists began widely observing and studying the phenomenon The term "acid rain" was generated in 1972 Canadian Harold Harvey was among the first to research a "dead" lake Public awareness of acid rain in the U
Acid rain is rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic. It can have harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals, and infrastructure through the process of wet deposition. Acid rain is caused by emissions of compounds of ammonium, carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids. Governments have made efforts since the 1970s to reduce the production of sulfuric oxides into the Earth's atmosphere with positive results Since the Industrial Revolution, emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides to the atmosphere have increased.[2][3] In 1852, Robert Angus Smith was the first to show the relationship between acid rain and atmospheric pollution in Manchester, England
VÄÄVEL 2017 Väävel on aktiivne mittemetall 16 Keemiline sümbol: S (Sulfur) Järjenumber/aatomnumber: 16 Asub 3. perioodis (elektronkattes 3 kihti) S 32,064 6 8 2 VÄÄVEL Asub VIA rühmas (väliselektrone 6) Elektronskeem: S: +16|2)8)6) Pilt 1: Vääveli paiknemine perioodilidudtsbelis KEEMILISED OMADUSED Väävel lihtainena S on nii oksüdeerija, kui redutseerija Väävli kõige madalam oksüdatsiooniaste on II. See esineb metalliühendites (sulfiidid) ja vesinikühendis (divesiniksulfiid) Väävli kõige kõrgem oksüdatsiooniaste on + VI (sulfaadid, väävelhape...
Miina Härma Gymnasium Acid Rain Report Compiler: Teisi Timma 8a Teacher: Esther Linask Tartu 2009 Acid Rain Acid rain is rain consisting of water droplets that are unusually acidic because of atmospheric pollution - most notably the excessive amounts of sulfur and nitrogen released by cars and industrial processes. Acid rain is also called acid deposition because this term includes other forms of acidic precipitation such as snow. Acidic deposition occurs in two ways: wet and dry. Wet deposition is any form of precipitation that removes acids from the atmosphere and deposits them on the Earth's surface. Dry deposition polluting particles and gases stick to the ground via dust and smoke in the absence of precipitation
Väävel Omadused · Väävel on mittemetall · Väävlil on 4 stabiilset isotoopi, massiarvudega 32, 33, 34 ja 36 · Värvus: kollane · Väävel on rabe, elektrit mittejuhtiv kristalne aine. Lisaks on väävel ka halb soojusjuht · Tihedus: 1,96 g/cm³. · Sulamistemp: 199C, keemistemp: 445C · Vees kristalne väävel ei lahustu · Keemiliselt on väävel aktiivne element. Reageerib normaaltingimustel Click to edit Master text styles leelismetallide, leelismuldmetallide, elavhõbeda, vase ja hõbedaga. Second level · Soojendamisel kulgevad reaktsioonid ka alumiiniumi, raua, tsingi ja pliiga. Third level Mittemetallide puhul peab reaktsiooni toimumiseks temperatuur väga suur ...
. Ka tantsides tuleb peale köhahoog. Hingab raskelt sisse. Lima tuleb raskelt välja. Ei kannata kuumust, sooja. Köha läheb hullemaks kui tuleb õuest tuppa. Drosera - Üks vanemaid läkaköha aineid. Kuiv, läkaköha moodi köha, tuleb sügavalt, hood lakkamatult üksteise järel, vahepeal ei saa hingatagi. Hoog lõpeb oksekõõksuga. Läheb halvemaks kui heidab pikali. Surub köhides kätt rinnale. Igasugune joomine, rääkimine, laulmine, ka aur, tekitab köha. Röga pole. Hepar sulfur - hääl vaikselt kähedaks, käimine aktiviseerib köha. Köha võib tekkida ka peale külma sööki- jooki. Enne põletav tunne, siis tuleb köha (nagu pärast 2000 m sügisjooksu). Köha ragisev, võib olla lämbumistunne, nõuab sooja jooki. Soojas ruumis läheb paremaks. Ipecacuanha - lopsakas, lahtine köha koos rögaga ja oksendamise tundega. Võib ka oksendada. Pikali asi hullemaks. Tüüpiline astmaatiline köha. Rinnas palju lima, ei suuda välja köhida. (Drosera - kuiv, ibec
Acid rains This morning you contributed to atmosphere desolation H ow it is formed? Acid rain is formed by burning fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and oil. Gases of acid rain Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide are the gases that form the acid rain. Our health and acid rain Acid rain effects even our health. Breathing and lung problems in people (especially those with asthma) and have been linked to acid air pollution. Some things that you can do to make acid rain less of a problem are: Only run the dishwasher and washing machine with a full load. Turn off the lights in empty rooms or when you will be away from home. Turn off the hot water tank when you will be gone for a long period of time. Don't use your air conditioner or heater as much. Install fluorescent light bulbs instead of incandescent light bulbs. Try to reduce, reuse, and recycle as often as ...
Municipal dumps are created in the outskirts of the city. People who live near suffer from such neighbourhood. Because strong smell coming from this place. It's also an attractive place for homeless animals, crows, rats and mice. The air round municipal dumps is always contaminated because several items in the dumps are toxic in nature. And those that decompose release toxic into the air, into the soil, and then get into the groundwater. These toxic can be gases like methane, sulfur, nitrogen, carbon monoxide and so on. Municipal dumps are the cause serious diseases and damage crops. These dumps are becoming bigger and bigger. What is the solution to a problem? First of all, people should change their attitude to dumping. Special bins should be put of cans, bottles and paper. Secondly, much more than half of today's trash could be recycled, but 80% of it winds up in landfills. In conclusion, I want to say that there are many solutions to this problem, and if people are
Keemia Väävel Referaat LonelyOne 9 Sisukord Väävel ................................................................... 1 Väävel mineraalina..............................................3 Väävli kasutusalad ..............................................3 Väävli levik............................................................2 Happe Sademed...................................................4 Kasutatud materjal...............................................5 Väävel Väävel on keemiline element järjenumbriga 16 Väävli Omadused : Väävlil on 4 stabiilset isotoopi (Stabiilne isotoop on keemilise elemendi püsiv isotoop, mis ei lagune madalama massiarvuga elementideks ega ole radioaktiiv...
Condensate resembles petrol in appearance and is similar in composition to some volatile light crude oils. The proportion of light hydrocarbons in the petroleum mixture varies greatly among different oil fields, ranging from as much as 97 percent by weight in the lighter oils to as little as 50 percent in the heavier oils and bitumens. The hydrocarbons in crude oil are mostly alkanes, cycloalkanes and various aromatic hydrocarbons while the other organic compounds contain nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and trace amounts of metals such as iron, nickel, copper and vanadium. The exact molecular composition varies widely from formation to formation but the proportion of chemical elements vary over fairly narrow limits as follows: Composition by weight Element Percent range Carbon 83 to 87% Hydrogen 10 to 14% Nitrogen 0.1 to 2% Oxygen 0.05 to 1.5% Sulfur 0.05 to 6.0% Metals < 0.1%
VÄÄVEL CASSANDRA LUIK TALLINNA ÜHISGÜMNAASIUM 11.B KLASS LIHTAINE OMADUSED • VÄRVUSELT KOLLANE • RABE • KRISTALNE • AKTIIVNE MITTEMTALL • EI JUHI ELEKTRIT • HALB SOOJUSJUHT • VEES HALVASTI LAHUSTUV • SULAMISTEMPERATUUR +119 C • KEEMISTEMPERATUUR +445 C • KEEMILINE SÜMBOL : S (SULFUR) • JÄRJENUMBER/AATOMNUMBER: 16 (TUUMAS16 PROOTONIT JA ELEKTRONKATTES16 ELEKTRONI) • ASUB 3. PERIOODIS (ELEKTRONKATTES 3 KIHTI) • ASUB VIA RÜHMAS (VÄLISELEKTRONE 6) • ELEKTRONSKEEM: S: +16|2)8)6) • VÄHESEL MÄÄRAL LAHUSTUB ORGAANILISTES LAHUSTITES NAGU BENSEEN JA ETANOOL • REAGEERIB NORMAALTINGIMUSTEL LEELISMETALLIDE , LEELISMULDMETALLIDE, ELAVHÕBEDA, VASE JA HÕBEDAGA. • SOOJENDAMISEL KULGEVAD REAKTSIOONID KA ALUMIINIUMI RAUA, TSINGI JA PLIIGA VÄÄVLI ÜHENDID JA KASUTUSALAD • VÄÄVELDIOKSIID SO2 – VÄRVUSETU TERAVA LÕHNAGA MÜRGINE GAAS, MIDA MÜRGISUSE TÕTTU KASUTATAKSE KELDRITE, LADUDE...
VÄÄVEL - S (Pildiallikas http://www.ut.ee/BGGM/miner/vaavel4.jpg ) Leidumine Väävel esineb looduses nii ehedal kujul kui ka ühendite koostises. Ehedalt võib väävlit leida maapinna lähedal vulkaanilistes piirkondades. (Pildiallikas http://staff.ttu.ee/~mari/Is2/s222vulkaan.jpg ) Tuntumatest väävliühenditest leidub looduses kõige enam sulfiide (FeS2 püriit, PbS galeniit , HgS kinaver jt) ja sulfaate ( CaSO4*2H2O kips jt) püriit galeniit Koostanud: Janno Puks Tallinna Arte ja Kristiine Gümnaasium kinaver kips (Pildiallikad http://www.geocities.jp/senribb/jewels/Pyrite2.jpg , http://images.geo.web.ru/pubd/2001/05/15/0001159819/pics/galenite-09-45.jpg , http://uploa...
environment. · Geothermal power plants do not burn fuel to generate electricity, so their emission levels are very low. They release less than 1 percent of the carbon dioxide emissions of a fossil fuel plant. Geothermal plants use scrubber systems to clean the air of hydrogen sulfide that is naturally found in the steam and hot water. Geothermal plants emit 97 percent less acid rain - causing sulfur compounds than are emitted by fossil fuel plants. After the steam and water from a geothermal reservoir have been used, they are injected back into the earth. · Geothermal features in national parks, such as geysers and fumaroles in Yellowstone National Park, are protected by law, to prevent the land from being disturbed. BIOMASS 46 Biomass is organic material made from plants and animals. Biomass contains stored
exactly which pollutants are responsible for causing sickness. Also, because a mixture of different pollutants can intensify sickness, it is often difficult to isolate those pollutants that are at fault. Many diseases could be caused by air pollution without their becoming apparent for a long time. Diseases such as bronchitis, lung cancer, and heart disease may all eventually appear in people exposed to air pollution. Air pollutants such as ozone, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide also have harmful effects on natural ecosystems. They can kill plants and trees by destroying their leaves, and can kill animals, especially fish in highly polluted rivers. SOLUTIONS Air pollution has many disastrous effects that need to be curbed. In order to accomplish this, governments, scientists and environmentalists are using or testing a variety of methods aimed at reducing pollution. There are two main types of pollution control.
FÜÜSIKALISED OHUD: Tolm võib plahvatada pulbrilise või graanulites aine SISSEHINGAMISE OHT: korral. Aurustumine 20°C juures on tühine; aine sisalduse tõus kahjustava sisalduseni võib toimuda väga KEEMILISED OHUD: kiiresti . Reageerib koos tugevad happed, tugevad oksüdeerijad and sulfur põhjustab ohtu LÜHIAJALISE TOIME MÕJUD: Aine ärritab silmad ja hingamisteed TÖÖKESKKONNA PIIRNORMID: TLV: ppm; 0.1 mg/m3 (ACGIH 199?). PIKAAJALISE KORDUVA TOIME MÕJUD: Aine kahjustab neerud tulemusena neerukahjustus.
FO – flagging out - (laeva) väljalipustamine (lipu alt välja viimine) GLESS – gearless - lastimisseadmeteta laev GO – general order - tähistab imporditud kaupadele antud staatust, millel puuduvad vajalikud dokumendid või mida tolliga kiiresti ei vormistata. Kaupu võiks hoida „GO” all mitmel põhjusel, näiteks seetõttu, et nende eest tuleb maksta makse või et paberid tuleb veel täita. HFO - heavy fuel oil – raske laevakütus HSFO - high sulfur fuel oil – kõrge väävlisisaldusega kütus IFO - intermediate fuel oil – raske laevakütus ILOHC - in lieu of hold cleaning 3(4) IMDG - international maritime dangerous goods - koodeks on mõeldud meeskonnaliikmete kaitsmiseks ja merereostuse vältimiseks ohtlike materjalide ohutul laevaveol. INCL – including – sisaldama/kaasa arvatud
the PaleoceneEocene thermal maximum. Paleogeogr., Paleoclimatol., Paleoecol., 293, 30-40. Kent, D. V., Cramer, B. S., Lanci, L., Wang, D., Wright, J. D. & Van der Voo, R. 2003 A case for a comet impact trigger for the Paleocene/Eocene Thermal Maximum and carbon isotope excursion. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 211, 1326. Kurtz, A. C., Kump, L. R., Arthur, M. A., Zachos, J. C. & Paytan, A. 2003 Early Cenozoic decoupling of the global carbon and sulfur cycles. Paleoceanography 18, 1090. Nunes, F.; Norris, R.D. (2006). "Abrupt reversal in ocean overturning during the Palaeocene/Eocene warm period". Nature 439 (7072): 603. Shellito, Cindy J.; Sloan, Lisa C.; Huber, Matthew (2003). "Climate model sensitivity to atmospheric CO2 levels in the Early-Middle Paleogene".Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 193 (1): 113123. Sluijs, A., 14 others, & the Expedition 302 Scientists, 2006: Subtropical Arctic Ocean
Teadlaste arvates on Eesti põlevkivi ehk kukersiidi tekkimisel olnud lähteaineks sinivetikad (tsüanobakterid). Huumus Humiinained Huumus Nonliving, finely divided organic matter in soil, derived from microbial decomposition of plant and animal substances. Humus, which ranges in colour from brown to black, consists of about 60 percent carbon, 6 percent nitrogen, and smaller amounts of phosphorus and sulfur. As humus decomposes, its components are changed into forms usable by plants. Humus is classified into mor, mull, or moder formations according to the degree of its incorporation into the mineral soil, the types of organisms involved in its decomposition, and the vegetation from which it is derived. Humiinhape Keemiline valem Humiinhape Humic acid has the average chemical formula C187H186O89N9S1 and is insoluble in strong acid (pH = 1).
Tööleht nr 4 . Valitud riigi – Suurbritannia majandus. Õpilase nimi: Andmeallikaid kasutades ära unusta viitamist. Arvandmete kasutamisel tuleb lisada ühikud ja aastad. NB! Kui kasutad lisalehti – kinnita/klammerda need töölehe külge . Märkus! Andmed, mis olen kirjutanud kajastuvad enamikes ülesannetes 2008-st aastast. Mõnel üksikul kohal on värskem ja uuendatud materjal 2009 aastast. 1. Millised on Sinu riigi majanduse arengut soodustavad tegurid? Millised takistavad tegurid? Leia/nimeta 2 olulisemat mõlemal juhul. Soodustavad: a. Põllumajandus on intensiivne, palju masintööd, mis on euroopa standartile vastavalt efektiivne, tootes 60% vajaminevast toidust vaid kahe protsendilise tööhõivega kogu riigist. b. Väga suurtes kogustes loodusliku gaasi, sütt ja õli, millega sai temast üks tähtis energia importijaid aastal 2005. Takistavad: ...
contributing 67.8% of GDP, though the United States remains an industrial power. The leading business field by gross business receipts is wholesale and retail trade; by net income it is manufacturing. Chemical products are the leading manufacturing field. The United States is the third largest producer of oil in the world, as well as its largest importer. It is the world's number one producer of electrical and nuclear energy, as well as liquid natural gas, sulfur, phosphates, and salt. Coal mine in USA. The United States has 27% of global coal reserves. 12 Conclusion To sum up I gained a lot of more knowledge about the United States of America than I imagined. I learned about it's climate, people, economy. Also I learned about symbols of USA and about it's biggest cities and some of the famous people who are Americans. I tried
The Cataclysmic Death of Stars Republished from the pages of National Geographic magazine Written by Ron Cowen March 2007 Ever since he was a teenager, Stan Woosley has had a love for chemical elements and a fondness for blowing things up. Growing up in the late 1950s in Texas, "I did everything you could do with potassium nitrate, perchlorate, and permanganate, mixed with a lot of other things," he says. "If you mixed potassium nitrate with sulfur and charcoal, you got gunpowder. If you mixed it with sugar, you got a lot of smoke and a nice pink fire." He tested his explosive concoctions on a Fort Worth golf course: "I screwed the jar down tight and ran like hell." "kaboomWoosley", now an astronomer at the University of California at Santa Cruz, has graduated to bigger explosions--much bigger. Woosley studies some of the most powerful explosions since the birth of the universe: supernovae, the violent deaths of stars.
nutrients, pH, and many other factors which may vary between locations but also within a single plot and over very small distances (OECD, 2007). Nevertheless of the quantity of microflora, biomass of all microorganisms living in soil play an important role in the functioning of entire soil ecosystems because their enormous biochemical activity (Barabasz et al. 2002). Soil microflora cycles carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur, plays a role in soil structure formation, decomposition of organic matter, toxin removal, promoting plant growth, and in changes in vegetation (Canbolat at al. 2005 and Martin et al. 2012). Therefore, soil microflora plays a major role in preservation and the balance of life. Because of active role of soil micro- population, the diminution in microbial activity is always alarming (Barabasz et al. 2002). Factors influencing soil microflora
8133). 2.2.2 Geography Location: Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and Gulf of Finland, between Latvia and Russia Area: total: 45,228 km2 land: 42,388 km2 and water: 2,840 km2 Coastline: 3794 km Climate: maritime; wet, moderate winters, cool summers Terrain: marshy, lowlands; flat in the north, hilly in the south Land use: arable land: 12.05%, permanent crops: 0.35%, other: 87.6% (2005) Environment current issues: air polluted with sulfur dioxide from oilshale burning power plants in northeast; however, the amount of pollutants emitted to the air have fallen steadily, the emissions of 2000 were 80% less than in 1980; the amount of unpurified wastewater discharged to water bodies in 2000 was 1/20 the level of 1980; in connection with the startup of new water purification plants, the pollution load of wastewater decreased; Estonia has more than 1,400
Advantages and disadvantages on Nuclear power Advantages of nuclear power generation: · Little Pollution As demand for electricity soars, the pollution produced from fossil fuel- burning plants is heading towards dangerous levels. Coal, gas and oil burning power plants are already responsible for half of America's air pollution. Burning coal produces carbon dioxide, which depletes the protection of the ozone. The soft coal, which many power plants burn, contains sulfur When the gaseous byproducts are absorbed in clouds, precipitation becomes sulfuric acid.. Coal also contains radioactive material. A coal-fired power plant emits more radiation into the air than a nuclear power plant. The world's reserves of fossil fuels are running out. The sulfurous coal which many plants use is more polluting than the coal that was previously used. Most of the anthracite, which plants also burn, has been used up
MITTEMETALLID Mittemetallide üldiseloomustus. Mittemetalle on 22. Lihtainetena esinevad nad gaaside (H2, O2, N2, F2, Cl2, väärisgaasid), vedeliku (Br2) või tahketena (B, Si, C, P, S, I2 jt.). Perioodilisuse süsteemis paiknevad mittemetallid perioodide lõpus. Mittemetallide aatomite väliselektronkihil on enamikul juhtudesl üle kolme elektroni. Mittemetalli aatomitele on iseloomulik liita keemiliste reaktsioonide käigus elektrone. Seejuures aktiivsemad mittemetallid moodustavad negatiivselt laetud ioone (halogeniidioonid). Neil juhtudel esinevad mittemetallid oksüdeerijatena. Elementide aatomite omadus liita elektrone suureneb perioodis väärisgaasi suunas; rühmas suureneb alt ülespoole (aatomiraadiuse vähenemise suunas). Kõige aktiivsem mittemetall on fluor. Mittemetallide elektronnegatiivsus ning keemiline aktiivsus väheneb reas: F, O, Cl, N, Br, I, S, C, H, P, Si, Xe Tüüpiliste mittemetall...
ainult fotosünteesiprotsessis (klorofülli ja valguse osavõtul): 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 glükoos Evolutsiooniprotsessis on hapnikusisaldus õhus tunduvalt muutunud: hakkas järsult tõusma u. 500 milj. a. tagasi (vt. eestikeelne õpik lk 312) Pidevalt sissehingatav õhk (inimese puhul) peab sisaldama vähemalt 11 mahu-% O2. 3.21. Väävel Tuntud muinasajast. Sulfur (lad.) – S sulver – “vase vaenlane” Ammune tuntus kajastub mütoloogias: vanade tsivilisatsioonide aladel leidus ehedat väävlit juba ammu palju kasutusalasid: tseremooniate tuli, kosmeetil. ja med. salvides, valastamine, kahjurite tõrje hiljem (keskajal) lisandus: püssirohu komponent – üks keskseid alkeemikute “elemente” 3.21.1. Leidumine looduses Levinud element: massi järgi 0,05% maakoorest, Maailmameres 0,09% levikult 15. element looduses: väävliringe
Membership: the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), the World Trade Organization (WTO), etc. Ukraine is bordered by Russia in the east, the Black Sea in the south, Moldova, Romania, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland in the west, and Belarus in the north. The country is rich in mineral resources: iron ore, coal, manganese, natural gas (shale costly and dangerous to extract), oil, sulfur, graphite, titanium, magnesium, kaolin, nickel, mercury, timber and others. It's commonly known that Ukraine is politically divided between its Western and Eastern regions. Ukraine's geography and history have played an important role in the country's current political crisis. Western parts of the country at times belonged to Poland, Austro- Hungary, and Czechoslovakia, while eastern and southern parts belonged to Russian Empire.
(Baloga et al. 1990; De Winne and Dirinck fermentation products, such as methyl 1997; Guillard et al. 1997; Leroy et al. 2009). branched alcohols and aldehydes (Leroy et Although many volatile compounds such as al. 2009). In addition, lipid oxidation is alkanes, alkenes, aldehydes, ketones, alco- another phenomenon that generates oxida- hols, aromatic hydrocarbons, carboxylic tion products, such as unsaturated aldehydes acids, esters, terpenes, sulfur compounds, (De Winne and Dirinck 1997) that are not furans, pyrazines, amines, and chloride have present in fresh cooked ham. been identified, only a few of them directly contribute to cooked ham aroma (Toldrá and Safety Aspects Flores 2007a). In order to determine the impact of a spe- The use of nitrite in meat products, and there- cific volatile compound on the total aroma, it fore in cooked ham, is due to its antimicro-
annaabi.ee 
Sisene Facebook'ga
Sisene Google'ga
Sisene LinkedIn'ga
