"sobukwe" - 1 õppematerjal

Louna-Aafrika poliitajalugu, South Africa

ORGANIZATIONS TO SEND REPRESENTATIVES ­ FROM ALL RACE GROUPS ALL GROUPS ALSO ENCOURAGED TO SEND IN SUGGESTIONS FOR THE CHARTER ­ AND THEY DID SEND IN IDEAS WRITTEN ON SCRAPS OF PAPER ETC 3000 DELEGATES TURNED UP CHARTER BECAME A REVOLUTIONARY DOCUMENT BECAUSE ITS BASIC DEMANDS ­ ALTHOUGH SIMPLE, RADICALLY CHALLENGED THE APARTHEID STATE PARTIES The Pan Africanists were anti-communist opposed the multi-racialism of the Freedom Charter the PAC split from the ANC in 1959, led by Robert Sobukwe Banned in 1960 at the same time as the ANC Black Consciousness Movement Closely associated with Steve Biko Emerged out of the Students' Movement in the 1960s/70s Rejected the white liberal National Students' Association The apartheid state followed those in exile with spies and parcel bombs. UDF : broad coalition of groups; Linked to Congress movement, trades unions and churches; Mobilized urban uprisings against apartheid state best known member Arch-Bishop Desmond Tutu