Js 10% civilian casualties, 2 mill. SU citizens not in DP camps, mostly killed. Survivors in Auschwitz from all over, but not from SU. SU citizens also spread out over. Some Js survived as partisans, some forged identities as Christians. Major redist in J demo. W lands now emptied, in major cities, Moscow, Leningrad, Rostov, Donetsk, or much further to E, either never occupied or briefly occupied. Ashkenazis where no or few Js were living before, or where Sephardic. Now 10s of 1000s in Tashken, Tajikistan, Bishkek (Frunzen) Dushanbei (Lanenobad), Tabilsi. Also Samara (Kuibishev). Hundreds of thousands. SU hadn't been keeping recs of evacuation. Travel docs, but no central recs. Censuses, 1939 and 1959. Majority of Js who evacuated went back to former home repubs. Didn't go back to shtetl, in ruins or occupied by others. Went to nearby cities. J comm in Uzbekistan grew 80%. Small families in comm prior to. 51,000 Js, Bukharins, now 95,000 in 1959
Censors in a political section looked for clues to hoards of vital material that might be bought by the Allies to preclude the Axis from getting it. An economic section extracted remarks about shortages and living conditions to help build up pictures of national economies. Letters in uncommon languages went to a language identification section, which obtained translators for such esoteric tongues as Ladino, a mixture of Hebrew and 15th-century Spanish spoken only by the 30,000 Sephardic Jews in colonies in Spain, the Balkans, and Latin America. Floor examiners passed all messages with peculiar wording, odd- looking marks, or other suspected indications to the security division, which had two sections to examine steganograms concealed in the two basic ways—linguistically and technologically. These were the code and cipher section for the linguistic steganograms and the laboratory section for the technological. Both were linked to T.O.D. by a security assistant
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