Mediterranean Basin
and north to south from northern Italy to Morocco. Surrounding the Mediterranean Sea, the hotspot's 2,085,292 km² also include parts
of Spain, France, the Balkan states, Greece, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia and Algeria, as well as around five
thousand islands scattered around the Mediterranean Sea. West of the mainland, the hotspot includes the Macaronesian Islands of the
Canaries, Madeira, the Selvages (Selvagens), the Azores, and Cape Verde.
The basin's location at the intersection of two major landmasses, Eurasia and Africa, has contributed to its high diversity and
spectacular scenery. The region boasts mountains as high as 4,500 meters, peninsulas, and one of the largest archipelagos in the world.
The climate of the Mediterranean Basin is dominated by cool, wet winters and hot, dry summers, and rainfall ranges from as little as
100 millimeters to as much as 3,000 millimeters.
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