Christopher Vogler The Writers Journey
" H e shows a possible fate for
Dunbar. T h e frontier is so strange and challenging that it can drive some people
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REFUSAL OF THE C A L L
insane. T h e officer has been unable to accept the reality of this world, has retreated
into denial and fantasy, and refuses the frontier's Call by shooting himself.
T h e other character who bears the energy of Refusal is the scroungy wagon
driver who escorts Dunbar to his deserted post. H e expresses nothing but fear of
the Indians and the prairie, and wants Dunbar to Refuse the Call, abandon his
enterprise, and return to civilization. T h e driver ends up being brutally killed by
the Indians, showing the audience another possible fate for Dunbar. T h o u g h there
is no Refusal by the hero himself, the danger of the adventure is acknowledged and
dramatized through another character.
THRESHOLD GUARDIANS