centuries) First they were pagan Christianity spread during the 6th and 7th c. The south of England: straight from Rome (St Augustine settled in Canterbury in 597) Scotland and northern England: from Ireland Roman Christianity soon prevailed Anglo-Saxon poetry: a peculiar combination of pagan traditions and the Christian belief No written literature at first Stories and poems were to be memorised Letters called "runes" carved in wood and stone Fighting everyone in sight A king's power was not hereditary, depended on the ability to win battles The power of the kingdom depended on the strength of its king in battle Danish raids In the 8th c Vikings, Norsemen or Danes invaded By 870 the kingdoms of East Anglia, Northumbria, and Mercia overthrown Preparations to overthrow Wessex Defeated by King Alfred England divided: Wessex in the south and west (Saxon law)
1 The work was recognised and appreciated, though there was some criticism that it was too gloomy and strenuous without light. To Tubin’s pen belongs the first Estonian ballet-pantomime Kratt (Sparktail)2. There are many folk tales about the evil treasure-fetching demon Kratt and its deeds. For finding appropriate ancient folk melodies Tubin turned to the Estonian Folklore Archives in Tartu and chose some thirty instrumental tunes and vocal runes as the basic materials. A ballerina from the Vanemuine Theatre, Elfriede Saarik, later to become Tubin’s wife, produced a libretto. A peasant creates a magical creature, Kratt, from 1 Eesti muusika II, pp. 265. 2 A type of Golem, even though evil the Kratt can enrich his creator with worldly wealth. wood, straw and other odds and ends, in order to gather wealth. To bring this monster to
The sky is filled with good and bad, mortals never know Oh well, the night is long, the beads of time pass slow Tired eyes on the sunrise, waiting for the eastern glow The pain of war cannot exceed the woe of aftermath The drums will shake the castle wall, the Ringwraiths ride in black (ride on) Sing as you raise your bow, (ride on) shoot straighter than before No comfort has the fire at night that lights the face so cold Oh, dance in the dark night, sing to the morning light The magic runes are writ in gold to bring the balance back, bring it back At last the sun is shining, the clouds of blue roll by With flames from the dragon of darkness, the sunlight blinds his eyes Oh, bring it back, bring it back... Evermore'i lahing 21 Valguse Kuninganna võttis oma vibu ja läks oma teed Rahu Prints võttis kokku oma julguse ja läks oma teed Oh tantsud tumedal ööl, oh laulud kumaval koidikul
Christopher Vogler plunder the captured ship, an uncertain hero seizes her self-respect, a slave seizes control of his own destiny. A transaction has been made — the hero has risked death or sacrificed life, and now gets something in exchange. T h e Norse god Odin, in his Supreme Ordeal, gives up an eye and hangs on the World-Tree for nine days and nights. H i s Reward is the knowledge of all things and the ability to read the sacred runes. SEIZING T H E SWORD I also call this unit of the journey S e i z i n g t h e S w o r d because often it's an ac tive movement o f the hero who aggressively takes possession of whatever was being sought in the Special W o r l d . Sometimes a reward like love is given. But more frequendy the hero takes possession of a treasure or even steals it, like James Bond taking the Lektor, a Soviet translating device, in From Russia with Love.
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