British history Roman Britain Roman Britain was those parts of the island of Great Britain controlled by the Roman Empire between 43 and about 410. The Romans referred to their province as Britannia. Prior to the Roman invasion, Iron Age Britain already had cultural and economic links with Continental Europe, but the invaders introduced new developments in agriculture, urbanization, industry and architecture, leaving a legacy that is still apparent today. Historical records beyond the initial invasion are sparse, although many Roman historians mention the province in passing. Most of the knowledge of the period stems from archaeological investigations and especially epigraphic evidence. The invasion force in AD 43 was led by Aulus Plautius.It is not known how many Roman legions were sent; only one legion, the II Augusta, commanded by the future emperor Vespasian, ...
Roman Britain 1.Ülesanne 1.Roman empire exited,more then 400 years ago. 2.Colchester was the capital of Britannia for some time,soon London or Londinium became the capital 3. Romans speaked Latin. 4. Roman rules Britannia. 5. Julius Ceasar ,Hadrian 6. Romans rules Britain before the Vikings. 2.Ülesanne a–2 b–5 c- 1 d-3 e–4 3.Ülesanne 1–d 2–g 3- i 4–h 5–j 6–a 7–b 8–f 4.Ülesanne 55- Julius Ceasar first came to Britain in the year 55 BC (before Christ ). 400- Britannia became a part of the Roman Empire for more than 400 years. 20- About 20 large towns grew araund the camps of the Roman army. 2,000,000 – The whole population of Roman Britain was about 2 million. 2000 – There were abaut 2000 villas on the south of Britannia . 12 000 – Romans built abaut 12000 kilometers of road which were wide and straight . 410 – ...
Towns in Roman Britain Ingrit Roosileht 7.Klass 2013 Roman roads The Romans built Britain's first towns. They built towns all over Britain as centers to administer the people they had conquered. Within 17 years of the invasion, they had several major towns connected by the famous Roman roads. Towns soon became important places for meetings and trade. What were Roman towns like? v The Roman towns were full of fine buildings and temples. v Streets were laid out in neat, straight lines, like on a chess- board. In the middle there was a large square, called the forum v Many towns had running water and sewers. Aqueducts were bridges for bringing water to the towns. Only the rich had water piped to their houses; everyone else used water from public fountains. The only toilets were public lavatories, which were built around the town and connected to underground sewers. Wh...
Country Studies The United Kingdom Test revision questions Form 11 1. What are the capitals of the 4 constituent countries? England London; Wales Cardiff; N-Ireland Belfast; Scotland - Edinburgh 2. Order the invaders in correct chronological order: Anglo-Saxons, Normans, Romans, Celts, Vikings. Celts > Romans > Anglo-Saxons > Vikings > Normans 3. How did the Celts influence Britain? The Celts were in Britain long before the English language existed. Celtic influence on English is minimal. There are more Amerindian words in English than Celtic ones. 4. How many people approximately speak English? 300million as mother tongue, 470million as 2nd language. 5. Who (which tribes) gave the base of the English language? Anglo-Saxons 6. Describe Wales. Part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, population: 3,064,000, Wales has a distinctive culture including its...
History of Great Britain Prehistory (55BC) no written records 6th 3rd c. BC the Celts came to British isles hill figures, hill forts, stone circles ( Stonehenge ) RomanBritain (55BC 400AD) Julius Caesar, named the country Albion Hadrian's Wall, villas, roads, the town of Bath The AngloSaxon, Danish and Norman invasions Germanic tribes settled and stayed Anglia Christianity was brought, religion became important, churches were built 8th century = raids by the Vikings and the Danes 1016 1042 : Under Danish rule ( York was the capital ) 1042 : local AngloSaxons regain their rule 1066 : Normans arrive ( the Norman conquest ) Medieval Britain (106615th c.) the Battle of Hastings William the Conqueror a new AngloNorman state the feudal system introduced the rule of the king and church strengthened centralised country, military rule Scotland, Wales and Ire...
FROM YouTube: A History Of Scotland - Episode 1 - The Last Of The Free (1/6) 1. Why is the early Scottish history often mythologised? Early Scottish history is often mythologised because its earliest records are almost always written by others (for example Tacitus). 2. Directly and indirectly, what did the Hadrian Wall represent? It represented directly the border of the Roman colonies in Britain and indirectly the ‘’end of the world’’, where true (Roman) civilization ended and savagery began. A History Of Scotland - Episode 1 - The Last Of The Free (2/6) 1. Why shouldn`t we call the Pictish society barbarian? They were affluent, had a good diet, were very organized, probably communicated with people far away 2. What were the differences between the Gaels and the Picts? They converted to Christianity before the Picts 3. Why was it relatively easy for...
The Romans came to Britain nearly 2000 years ago and changed our country. The Romans lived in Rome, a city in the centre of the country of Italy .One day, some years before Jesus Christ was born, the Romans came to Britain. First invasion - Caesar's first raid In August 55 B.C. (55 years before Jesus was born) the Roman general, emperor Julius Caesar invaded Britain. He took with him two Roman legions. After winning several battles against the Britons in South-East England he returned to France. Second invasion - Caesar's second raid In 54 B.C. Julius Caesar came to Britain again landing at Walmer near Deal in Kent. This time he brought with him five legions (30,000 foot soldiers) and 2,000 cavalrymen (horse riders). This time the Romans crossed the River Thames. After more fighting, the British tribes promised to pay tribute to Rome and were then left in peace for nearly a century. Third and final invasion In 43 A.D. (43 years after Je...
Study questions on chapter 1 Stonehenge - is pre-historical moument located in the English county of Wiltshire. 2400 BC 22 000 BC. It is composed of a circular setting of large standing stones. The site and its surroundings were added to the UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites in 1986 Celtic Invasion It begun about 500 years BC. Celts brought iron with them to Britain (and pagan traditions). But it is belived that there was never an organized Celtic invasion.(Celts were too fragmented to make it happen) Iron Celts brought iron with them into Great Britain which made some big changes. Iron is stronger then bronze and iron ore is more common(it made tools and weapons better). One of the interesting innovations that they brough to Britain was the iron plough which changed a lot about the farming(made it easier). Iron changed trade and fostered local independence. Hadrian's wall was a defensive forti...
Hadrian's Wall Hadrian's Wall was a stone and turf fortification built by the Roman Empire across the width of Great Britain to prevent military raids by the tribes of Scotland to the north, to improve economic stability and provide peaceful conditions in the Roman province of Britannia to the south, to physically mark the frontier of the Empire, and to separate the unruly Selgovae tribe in the north from the Brigantes in the south and discourage them from uniting. The name is also sometimes used jocularly as a synonym for the border between Scotland and England, although for most of its length the wall follows a line well south of the modern border -- and neither the Scoti tribe nor the English lived in Britain at the time of the wall's construction. The wall was the northern border of the Empire in Britain for much of the Roman Empire's rule, and also the most heavily fortified border in the Empire. In addition to its use as a milit...
Revision questions for the test on Old English and Medieval Literature. 1.) How is literature analysed and studied? What is the difference between the diachronic and synchronic view? Literature is studied and analysed by reading the piece of work profoundly and work on all the aspects of the piece. Diachronic is development in history Synchronic is particular state at any given moment 2.) Give a general overview of Celtic Britain, Roman invasion in 55-54 BC, Anglo-Saxon invasion and the second Roman "invasion" of Great Britain, who were the leaders, what influence did they leave on the culture of Great Britain? Celtic Britain was during the Bronze Age, there were many small tribal kingdoms fighting one another. Many megalithic monuments were built around that time, e.g. Stonehenge, the Avebury ring. The Roman Invasion 55-54 BC, Julius Caesar ruled Rome, Rome built the Hadrian's wall (73 miles long, built in 121 127 AD) agains...
Scotland ! Scotland (Gaelic: Alba) is a country in northwest Europe that occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. It is part of the United Kingdom, and shares a land border to the south with England. It is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In addition to the mainland, Scotland consists of over 790 islands including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides. Edinburgh, the country's capital and second largest city, is one of Europe's largest financial centres. It was the hub of the Scottish Enlightenment of the 18th century, which saw Scotland become one of the commercial, intellectual and industrial powerhouses of Europe. Scotland's largest city is Glasgow, which was once one of the world's leading industrial metropolises, and now lies at the centre of the Greater Glasgow conurbation which dominates the Scottish Low...
The foundation stones The Island Britain has a mild climate due to the Gulf Stream which brings warm waters from the Gulf of Mexico. The northern part of the island in average 5'C cooler and it's mountainous or hilly and that's why the south has been more populated.. Britain became an island only 5000 years BC after the Ice Age ended. Britain's prehistory The first evidence of human life on the island are dated back to 250 000 BC. 50 000 BC in a milder Ice Age period Britain became habitable again. People from that time were the ancestors of the modern British. 10 000 BC ige age ended and Britain became inhabited by small groups of hunters who probably followed herds of deer. 5000BC Britain became an island and deer died out. 3000BC the Neolithic people came (probably from Spanish peninsula or even North African ...
Chivalric Romance Originated in France in 12-13 century. Usually in the form of the narrative poetry -> later it disappeared. The storyline centers around a knight who undergoes several battles to win the heart of his loved one. Romance vs. Pastoral ROMANCE PASTORAL Lady was from the higher class than a knight. Lady was a shepherdess who seduces the knight. Impossible love Impossible love There are 3 categories of Chivalric Romance 1. The Matter of Britain About King Arthur and his court. 2. The Matter of Troy About the antique myth of Britain origin from the ancient city of Troy through its founder Brutus. 3. The Breton Lay Main character is Merlin. Chivalric romance is a mixture of: local myths Anglo-Saxon heritage French courtly tradition ancient Greek ...
THE U.K Different Parts The United Kingdom is a short way of saying the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The UK is the political name for those countries which share a parliament in London. All of them were at one time independent kingdoms with their own monarch. Now they are all part of the same kingdom and share the same monarch. The UK consists of Northern Ireland, Scotland, England and Wales. The peoples of these countries are British subjects; they hold British passports and therefore their nationality is British. The british Isles is the geographical name for all the islands off the west coast of Europe. These islands also include The Republic of Ireland, which is politically independent of the Britsh government. Many people refer to the inhabitants of the British isles as 'the English', but England is only one of the countries. The other countries are Scotla...
N. A. Vavilov ASPECTS OF BRITISH HISTORY Н. А. Вавилов КРАТКАЯ ИСТОРИЯ ВЕЛИКОБРИТАНИИ Учебное пособие на английском языке Москва Институт международного права и экономики имени А. С. Грибоедова 2008 2 УТВЕРЖДЕНО кафедрой лингвистики и переводоведения Вавилов Н.А. Краткая история Великобритании: Учебное пособие на английском языке. – 2-е изд., пересмотр. и испр. – М.: ИМПЭ им. А.С. Грибоедова, 2008. – 88 с. Пособие содержит краткий очерк важнейших событий в истории Великобритании – от первых документально засвидетельствованных вторжений на остров (кельтов, римлян и англосаксов) до создания и распада Британск...
TEST – The history of London 1) London was definitely not an important place during the Celtic period. It was just a mosquito-infested swamp. 2) London became a trading centre during the Roman occupation. It was an important crossing point for the Romans over the river Thames. Market forces began to operate. With troops stationed and ships calling, merchants will inevitably set up shops. 3) The Celtic warrior queen Boudicca and her tribesmen fought against the Roman conquest and devastated Londinium. The city was burned down and its inhabitants massacred. 4) London was rapidly rebuilt and in AD 122 the Roman walls were built around it as a defence. 5) The Romans left Britain early in the 5th century because they had to cope with troubles elsewhere in the Empire. 6) Around AD 400 the Germanic tribes invaded Britain. 7) London fell into ruins because the Anglo-Saxons destroyed the Roman towns and fo...
GREAT BRITAIN Anton Zatkin 9.c Tallinna Reaalkool GENERAL INFORMATION · Population of about 60 million people · Politically: England, Scotland and Wales. · Area: 229,848 km2 · Ninth largest island in the world. · Third most populous in the world. TERMINOLOGY · First name ever: Albion · Britannia or Brittnia, the land of the Britons · Geoffrey of Monmouth: Britannia major, Britannia minor · Britain: United Kingdom · Internet domains: .uk/.gb BIODIVERSITY · Early industrialisation and urbanisation. · 100 species in 20th century · Important wintering host for birds · Large mammals extinct · 3,354 plant species · Fortingwall Y ew · Trees up to 65 metres RELIGION · Christianity: · Anglicanism · Roman Catholic Church · Patron Saint: Saint Alban · The Jews expelled from England in 1290 but allowed to return in 1656 Cantenbu...
LONDON The history of the town is very closely linked with the history of the country itself. The name probably comes from the celtic words Llyn, which means a lake, and Dun, which means a fort or a strong place. Although the site was not important during the Celtic period (400 BC 43 AD) During the Roman occupation Londinium, as it was called then, was not influential politically, but was, however an important crossing point for the romans over the river Thames. Londinium was at a very good place, so it soon became a trading centre. In AD 61 the city was devastated by Boudicca, who led a revolt againt the Roman conquest of Britain. The city was burned down and its inhabitants massacred. London was rapidly rebuilt, becoming the capital of the province Britannia. AD 122 Roman walls were built around it as a Around AD 400 the Anglo-Saxons invaded Britain. They destroyed the roman towns and formed many kingdoms that were hostile to one a...
1) General facts The UK: * the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland was formed in 1801 * it covers 243,610 sq km * everybody from the UK is called British * the capital city is London * is made up of four constituent countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland which in turn are divided into counties * the flag is called the Union Jack which is a combination of the flags of England, Scotland and Northern Ireland * the population is about 60,000,000 people, the population density is 242 people/sq km * its coasts are washed by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea, Saint George's Channel, and the Irish Sea. It is linked to France by the Channel Tunnel * the United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The current monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who is also the Queen and Head of State of fifteen other Commonwealth Realms, such as Can...
Tristan & Isolde is set in Britain and Ireland, in the Early Middle Ages, after the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century. The scattered British settlements are in the process of becoming unified under Lord Marke (Rufus Sewell), who wishes to fortify England against attacks by the Irish king Donnchadh (David O'Hara). The Cornish knight Tristan of Aerygone (James Franco) engages in combat with Morholt, leader of Donnchadh's army and to whom Princess Isolde (Sophia Myles) has been promised in marriage. Though he kills Morholt and Donnchadh's army is overrun, Tristan is severely wounded in the fight and believed dead, though he is in fact only suffering the effects of having been sliced in the abdomen by Morholt's poisoned sword. Tristan's body is put out to sea on a funeral boat which eventually washes up along the shores of Ireland. He is discovered by Isolde and her maid Bragnae, who administer an antidote that revives him and t...
ENGLAND General overview England is part of the United Kingdom Land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales on to the west The English Channel on south separates it form continental Europe The country includes over 100 smaller islands Capital and largest city is London Its has consitutional monarchy Monarch is Elizabeth II Total area is 130,395 km2 Population is 51,446,000 million, around 84% of the population of the UK Currency is Pound stearling(GBP) Has left-hand traffic Patron saint is ST. George Geography England comprises the central and southern two-thirds of the island of Great Britain, in addition to a number of small islands of which the largest is the Isle of Wight Much of England consists of rolling hills, but it is generally more mountainous in the north with a chain of mountains, the Pennines, dividing east and west Other hilly areas in the north and Midlands are the La...
The history of Scotland begins around 10,000 years ago, when humans first began to inhabit what is now Scotland after the end of the Devensian glaciation, the last ice age. Of the Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age civilization that existed in the territory, many artifacts remain, but few written records were left behind. The recorded history of Scotland begins with the arrival of the Roman Empire in Britain, when the Romans occupied what is now broadly England, Wales and the Scottish Lowlands, administering it as a Roman province called Britannia. To the north was territory not governed by the Romans -- Caledonia, by name. Its people were the Picts. From a classical historical viewpoint Scotland seemed a peripheral country, slow to gain advances filtering out from the Mediterranean fount of civilisation, but as knowledge of the past increases it has become apparent that some developments were earlier and more advanced than previously ...
LONDON HISTORY PERIOD EVENTS PEOPLE The Celtic period (400 BC Name: Celtic words (Llyn (a lake) + AD 43) Dun (a fort or strong place) ) Not important The Roman occupation (AD 43 Londinium not important Boadicea a revolt against - AD 410) politically. An important trading the Roman conquest centre. Devastation AD 61. Rebuilt. Roman walls built in AD 200. Anglo Saxons (AD 400 Destroyed the Roman towns. Many 1066) kingdoms. London in ruins. King Egbert one Flourishing. Attacks by Vikings. kingdom England (the 9th ...
The UK & London The United Kingdom (or the UK) is a short way of saying the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Norther Ireland. The UK is situated north-west of the European continent between the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. The UK consists of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Its highest point is Ben Nevis in Scotland followed by Snowdon in Wales. The Severn is the longest river in the United Kingdom. Other important rivers are the Trent, the Mersey, the Tyne, etc. Lough Neagh which lies in the centre of Northern Ireland is thr UK's largest freshwater lake. The climate in the UK is variable. The weather changes so frequently that it is difficult to forecast. It is not unusual for people to complain that the weathermen were wrong. Fortunately there is no extreme weather conditions, it is never very cold or very hot. The first inhabitants were Iberians and Celts who sett...
The United Kingdom The United Kingdom consists of England, Scotland, Wales and North Ireland and it is situated in the Atlantic Ocean near the mainland of Europe. The population of the UK is 58.6 million and area is 244,110 sq km. Britain has a temperate humid climate. Its characteristic features are mild winters, warm summer, no temperature extremes, abundant rain all year round and frequent changes of weather. The mild climate is partly due to the warm Gulf Stream and partly to the south westerly winds. Occasional winds from the east in winter may bring cold and dry weather. The distribution of rainfall is influenced by the Atlantic Stream. The mountainous areas of the north and west have more rain than the lowlands of the south and east. Wales is located on a peninsula in central-west Britain. The entire area of Wales is about 20,779 km². Wales borders by England to the e...
Introduction I chose this topic because I am intrested in Roman history and ruled by the people and their life story. My theme is Julius Caesar because this intrested me. Julius Caesar's life Caius Julius Caesar His family isn't rich. born 13. July BC and died 15. March BC. He was Ancient Rome commander, politician and writer His family had noble, patrician roots. Julius Caesar's woman He married with youngest The second marriage Casar daughter Cornela Cinna. When Sulla Concluded his he was 18 years old and Cornela granddaughter Pompeia, years was 13 years old. after the death of first wife Cornelia. Caesar divorced himself Pompeia and married witf the ...
Celtic Mythology Celtic mythology is the mythology of Celtic polytheism, apparently the religion of the Iron Age Celts. Like other Iron Age Europeans, the early Celts maintained a polytheistic mythology and religious structure. Among Celts in close contact with Ancient Rome, such as the Gauls and Celtiberians, their mythology did not survive the Roman empire, their subsequent conversion to Christianity, and the loss of their Celtic languages. It is mostly through contemporary Roman and Christian sources that their mythology has been preserved. The Celts peoples who maintained either their political or linguistic identities (such as the Gaels and Brythonic tribes of Great Britain and Ireland) left vestigial remnants of their forebears' mythologies, put into written form during the Middle Ages. Though the Celtic world at its apex covered much of western and central Europe, it was not pol...
Contents Introduction...................................................3 London's early history.....................................45 The people of London......................................6 Buildings and bridges......................................7 Intruduction London is the capital of the united kingdom (UK), which is made up of Great Britain(England, Scotland, Wales) and Northern Ireland. The city lies in the southeast of England and covers an area of about 1,578 square kilometres on either side of the River Thames. With population of seven million, London is by far the largest city in the UK. Birmingham, the second largest, has just over one million inhabitants. Cultural life London is the worldclass centre. It has more than40 theatres, where audiences enjoy everything from musicals to William Shakespeare's plays. The city also ...
Religion in Ireland 2. Today I'm going to talk about Christianity in Ireland, Roman Catholic Church, Saint Patrick and Saint Patrick's day . 3. Christianity is and has been the largest religion in Ireland. Most churches are organised on an all-Ireland basis which includes both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Many people believe that St Patrick was the one responsible for bringing Christianity to Ireland. Although he made a major impact on Christian Ireland he certainly wasn't the first to arrive here. St. Palladius was the first Christian to arrive in Ireland. 4. The Roman Catholic Church in Ireland is part of the worldwide Roman Catholic Church. It is the largest Christian church in Ireland. This map is based on a reasearch made in 2011, that shows how many catholics are in The Republic of Ireland and in Northern Ireland. Areas in which Catholics are in th...
1. What are the capitals of the 4 constituent countries? England- London; Northen Ireland- Belfast; Scotland- Edinburgh; Wales- Cardiff 2. Order the invaders in correct chronological order: Anglo-Saxons, Normans, Romans, Celts. Romans Anglusaxons , Norman 3. How did the Celts influence Britain? Language. Wars. Engand and Scotland eventually became 1 contry 4. How many people approximately speak English? Approximately 600 million 5. Who (which tribes) gave the base of the English language?Germanic tribes- Anglo-Saxons. 6. Describe Wales.- Wales is a mountainous country on the western side of Great Britain. The national game of Wales is Rugby. Flag- Red dragon on a green and white field. They have their own language Cymraeg ( Welsh) . Anthem- Land Of My Fathers. Official animal- Dragon. There used to be a lot of coalmines. 7. What are the symbols of the 4 constit...
Essee Great Britain or Britain (Welsh: Prydain Fawr, Scottish Gaelic: Breatainn Mhòr, Cornish: Breten Veur) is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, and the largest European island, as well as the largest of the British Isles. With a population of about 60.0 million people in mid-2009, it is the third most populous island in the world, after Java and Honsh. Great Britain is surrounded by over 1,000 smaller islands and islets. The island of Ireland lies to its west. Politically, Great Britain may also refer to the island itself together with a number of surrounding islands which comprise the territory of England, Scotland and Wales. All of the island is territory of the sovereign state of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and most of the United Kingdom's territory is in Great Britain. Most of Eng...
Britain History Pre-Norman Britain The Iberians brought their metal-working skills and the first real civilization to Britain in the third millennium B.C and were overrun by various Celtic invasions that began in the 8th century. The Celts introduced their tribal organization and an early form of agriculture before they were forced westward by the Roman invasion. Forms of Celtic language are still spoken in Britain. Romans (with Julius Caesar in the head of them) first tried to occupy Britain in 55 B.C., but there was a rebellion in Gaul so they had to leave to fight against it. Next time they came in 43 A.D. and their leader was Emperor Claudius. Romans brought a lot with them. Their brought paved roads, the sites of important cities, the seeds of Christianity, the Roman law, Roman baths, language and advanced civilization. They also built Hadrian's Wall in 122 A.D. Romans occupied...
History exam *Stonehenge - is a monument located in England. It is one of the most famous prehistoric sites in the world and is composed of earthworks surrounding a circular setting of large standing stones. The surrounding circular, earth bank and ditch, have been dated to about 3100 BC. Stonehenge was produced by a culture with no written language. Many aspects of Stonehenge remain subject to debate. There is little or no direct evidence for the construction techniques used by the Stonehenge builders. *The Celts in Britain and their legacy The Cets lived in Britain in The Iron Age. They were warring tribes who were battleful amongst themselves as well as inter-tribal war. They were not centrally governed. The Celts brought iron working, iron ploughs and metal swords, horses, wheels and chariots - all these things gave them an instant superiority over the native tribes. The Celts built a number ...
Stonehenge One of the best known ancient wonders of the world, 5000 years old Megalith monument, built by western mediterraneans during 3000-1600 BC Circular structure, large standing stones, aligned with rising sun at teh solstice Attlers and bones were sued to dig pits that hold the stones The Celts in Britain and their legacy 700-200 BC celts invade Britain Gaels or Goehls(Ireland and Scotland),Cymri(Wales) and Brythons(gave name to Brittany) Fierce fighters,superb horsemen.Most of them farmers, lived in thatched houses Good at art, craftmanship, used iron Divided into tribes, ruled by kings, only in face of danger would they choose a single leader Legacy- hill-forts, farms, churches, field system, woodland, pasture, weapons, iron objects, langugae, culture Caesar in Britain The great Roman Emperor Firts came 55 BC to gather information, celts ...
Scotlan History The history of Scotland begins around 10,000 years ago, when humans first began to inhabit Scotland after the end of the Devensian glaciation, the last ice age. Of the Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age civilization that existed in the country, many artifacts remain, but few written records were left behind.People lived in Scotland for at least 8,500 years before recorded history dealt with Britain. The written history of Scotland largely begins with the arrival of the Roman Empire in Britain, when the Romans occupied what is now England and Wales, administering it as a Roman province called Britannia. To the north was territory not governed by the Romans -- Caledonia, by name. Its people were the Picts. From a classical historical viewpoint Scotland seemed a peripheral country, slow to gain advances filtering out from the Mediterranean fount of civilisation, but as knowledge of the past incr...
UK Conservation & Environment 1. What does AONB stand for? 2. What type of environment does the Ramsar Convention protect? 3. Which country has the greatest proportion of its land devoted to National Parks and other countryside conversation areas: England, Scotland, Wales or Northen Ireland? 4. Which is the main contributing gas to the greenhouse effect? 5. Which fortification in Britain dates from the Roman era and is listed in the World Heritage List? 1. Area of outstanding natural beauty 2. Wetlands 3. Northen Ireland 4. Carbon dioxide 5. Hadrian's Wall, in the north of England Physical geography 1. Which of the following countries is the nearest continental neighbour to Great Britain: Denmark, Portugal, France or Greece? 2. Which of these cities are close to the same line of latitude as London: Berlin, Moscow, New Yo...
Country Study Mari-Liis Luukas 11c The British Isles Administrative / d'mnstrtv / haldus- Self-governing / self'gvn / isemajandav, iseseisev Legislative assembly/ 'ledsltv 'sembl/ seadusandlik kogu The British Isles is the name of a group of islands washed by the North Sea in the east and the ...
1. Ancient Britain: the Celtic tribes. 2000 years ago there was an Iron Age Celtic culture throughout the Br Isles. It seems that the Celts, who had been arriving from Europe from the 8th cent BC onward, intermingled with the peoples who were already there. The Celts were extremely talented people, creative and artistic. More than 1 Celtic tribe invaded Br. The descendants of ancient Celts live in Wales, Scotland, Cornwall and Ireland. They lived in primitive society. Druids priests, more powerful than chiefs. Acted like prophets. 2. Stonehenge From prehistoric period. Was built on Salisbury plain between 2500 and 1500 bc. One of the most famous and mysterious archaeological sites in the world. One of the mysteries is how it was built at all with the technology of the time. Another is its purpose. It appears to function as a kind on astronomical clock and we know it was used by the Druids for ceremonies marking the passing ...
The City of London History The City of London occupies one square mile in the middle of the capital. It once made up the entire town of London, surrounded by the wall first built by the Romans. The Roman Londinium grew up on the northern side of the "London Bridge" in the past. Products such as olive oil, wines and fruit were brought by ships from different parts of the Roman Empire and unloaded onto wooden quays along the river. In AD 61 the native Celtic Iceni tribe, led by Queen Boudicca, rose up against The Romans. They burnt Londinium to the ground but Roman armies eventually defeated Boudicca. The city was rebuilt and was gradually surrounded with a wall of stone and brick which lasted for many centuries. During the archeological excavations in 1954 the Roman Temple of Mithras was revealed. It was a pagan temple dedicated to the Persian Sun-god. The Temple was later reconstructed only a short way...
Castles and museums Cardiff castle Robert Fitzhamon built Cardiff castle. Cardiff Castle is one of Wales' leading heritage attractions and a site of international significance. During 2000 years of history, the Castle has been a Roman Garrison, a Norman stronghold and in Victorian times was transformed into a gothic fairytale fantasy. St Fagans St Fagans is an area in the west of the city of Cardiff, capital of Wales. To the south lies the village of Michaelston-super-Ely, and to the east the suburb of Fairwater. St Fagans lies on the River Ely, and previously had a railway station on the South Wales Main Line, and currently there is a level crossing. St. Fagans is home to St. Fagans Cricket Club. It is home to St Fagans National History Museum (formerly called the Museum of Welsh Life), St Fagan Castle, St Fagans Old Rectory and St Mary's Church. In 1648, the Battle of St Fagans took place close by. ...
1.The leg of norm-when william 1 died normandy went to his oldest son robert,feudalism-land was given to lords who suported The domesday book-the first national census,11h 2.Anglo sax 410-793 wrom the jutes came from juteland,angles from south of denma, saxons from germ; deff-the new anglo saxon invaders were not organised centrally as the romans had been;days of the week 3.The celtic peop 500bc-43ad the cealts(fr) the brit(eng)the graels(irel) 4.Roman britain ad 43-410 britains helped the cauls fight against julius ceasar 5.the vihing793-1066 they came acress the north seam most viking who sailed overses were simply searching for letters land for their farms.alfred great the eng king, king canute 1016 of denmark captured the english
Wales Wales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Wales has a population estimated at three million . The capital Cardiff is Wales's largest city with 317,500 people . Its area , the size of Wales , is about 20,779 km² . English is spoken by almost all people in Wales . The most popular sports in Wales are rugby union and football . The Flag of Wales incorporates the red dragon og Prince Cadwalander along with the Tudor colours of green and white . Bala lake is one of the biggest lakes in Wales. It's 80 meters high, also higher than Niagra waterfall. Welsh food includes seafood, especially close to the coast, where fishing culture is strong. Caerphilly castle is the largest in Wales. The Chepstow castle is the oldest post-roman castle on hole Britain.
Mary I Mary I, called Mary Tudor (1516-1558), Queen of England (1553-1558). Mary was born in London on February 18, 1516, the daughter of Henry VIII by his first wife, Catherine of Aragón. Because Henry divorced Catherine, Mary was declared illegitimate. Nonetheless, Henry included her in his will, and on the death of her half-brother, Edward VI, on July 6, 1553, she became the legal heir to the throne. Although Lord High Chamberlain John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland, favoured the succession of his daughter-in-law, Lady Jane Grey, and proclaimed her queen on July 10, the country supported Mary. As a Roman Catholic, Mary began her reign by sweeping awa...
WALES GREAT BRITAIN Cymru am byth GENERAL OVERVIEW Territory:20,779 sq km Population:2.9 million(2002) Languages:English and Welsh Capital:Cardiff(since 1955) Anthem:Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau (Land Of My Fathers) Main religions: anglicanism,methodism National holiday:St David`s day,1 March National instrument:The harp Highest point: Snowdon 1085 metres Longest river:Towy (Tywi) 103 km Largest lake: Bala (4.4 sq km) CYMRU Wales is a mountainous country on the western side of Great Britain. Wales is bordered by England to the east, the Bristol Channel to the south, St George's Channel in the west, and the Irish Sea to the north. Wales is one of the four parts of the United Kingdom (along with England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland). FLAG Red dragon may have been the battle standard of the early Britons af...
Overview: The Red dragon is the oldest national flag still in use, it's also associated with Wales for centuries. Why Red Dragon? When Arthur's father had seen a dragon in the sky predicting his son would be a king and that happened. Also Dragon shows Welsh fiery, usually in battle with English. Castles: Most of castles were built by Edward I, but that Caerphilly castle was built by Gilbert "The Red" de Claire. He was "The Red" because he was red-headed noubleman. Caerphilly castle is the largest in Wales. The Chepstow castle is the oldest post-roman castle on hole Britain. Lakes: Bala lake is one of the biggest lakes in Wales. There lives friendly monster Teggie. Pistyll Rhaeadr is beautiful and high waterfall in the middle of Wales. It's 80 meters high, also higher than Niagra waterfall. Food & Drinks: Welsh food includes seafood, especially close to the coast, where fishing culture is strong. In left, we see Glamorgan sausage, whic...
THE CITY OF LONDON History The City of London occupies one square mile in the middle of the capital. It once made up entire town of London, surrounded by the wall first built by Romans. The Romans also built a bridge over the Thames and there has been one in the same area ever since. The Roman Londinium grew up on the northern side of the bridge. In AD 61 the native Celtic tribe, led by Queen Boudicca, rose up against the Romans. They burnt down Londinium to the ground and killed most of its inhabitants. Roman armies eventually defeated Boudicca and Londinium was rebuilt. At the end of the fourth century AD the Roman Empire began to crumble and the Roman armies were recalled from Britain to defend Rome itself. Once they had left, tribes such as Angles, Saxons and Jutes invaded and settled in from Holland, Germany and Denmark. Together they are known as Anglo-Saxons. They were farming people who pr...
BRITISH NATIONAL SYMBOLS Research work CONTENTS CONTENTS.....................................................................................................................................2 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................3 1. BRITISH NATIONAL SYMBOLS..............................................................................................5 1.1 Great Britain and British story................................................................................................5 1.2 National Symbols and Nation Building..................................................................................5 1.3 The Use of Flags throughout History.....................................................................................6 1.4 The Early Modern Flags. United Kindom: Union Jack.........................................
London History The Romans AD 43- AD 410 The Romans finally invaded Britain in AD 43 from Kent. The Romans lead by Julius Caesar attempted to invade Britain twice before that in 55 and 54 BC but the invasions were unsuccessful. They made their way to the river Thames and sailed up it. The Romans knew it was important to control a crossing point at the river Thames, so they decided to build a settlement on the north bank. Although small settlements had been built on the banks of the Thames, the Romans were the ones who built the first city. They called their city Londinium. The Roman engineers noticed that the point where the swampy river narrowed would make an ideal crossing point, they built London Bridge. Less than 20 years later the native Iceni tribe, led by Queen Boudicca, rose up against the Romans in revenge for mistreatment and burnt Londinium to the ground. The well disciplined Roman army defeated her forces and Londinium was r...
HISTORY TEST 5 invasions to Britain until 1066 1) The Celts o Gaels in 600BC; Cymry(Britons) in 300BC o From present-day Austria, Switzerland o The Celtic language survives in the names of many places in England- Dover, Kent, Thames o The Celts are best known for their art- many bronze objects with elaborate designs; brooches; pins; mirrors; Celtic stone crosses o The Celts had 3 social orders: warriors, druids(priests) ordinary people 2) The Romans o (55 BC-Caesar) 43 AD- 410 AD- Claudius o From present-day Italy o Southern Britain became Britannia and was ruled by a roman governor o The Romans built over 20 towns: Colchester, Londinium, Winchester etc. They were good engineers and built roads and villas that had central heating, glass windows and mosaic floors ...
British kings and queens Kings King Henry VIII King Henry VIII is arguably the most well-known king of England. Famous for beheading his wives, of which he had six, King Henry VIII also had several children. King James I King James I was already King of Scotland when he got the English crown. King James I was the first ruler to call himself King of Great Britain, as he ruled England, Scotland and Wales. King James was the first King of Great Britain. King William I, the Conqueror King William I, otherwise known as William the Conqueror was born in France on 1028. He became friendly with the current English King, Edward the Confessor. He invaded and attacked England on Edward's death, as he was promised the English crown, but then denied it by the Saxon Harold. King George VI King George VI did not expect to become king, he was the shy brother of Edward VIII who only took the thrown when Edward...
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