Kas ergonoomilised töötingimused vähendavad inimese vea tõenäosust ? Jah, ergonoomilised töötingimused vähendavad inimese vea tõenäosust. Kas ergonoomilised masinad ja seadmed vähendavad inimeste vigu ? Jah, ergonoomilised masinad ja seadmed vähendavad inimeste vigu. Kas ohtlikumad on töötaja vead või juhi, inseneri ja disaineri vead ? Ohtlikumad on juhtimisvead kui vahetu töötaja vead. Mis on Human Reliability Assessment ? Human Reliability Assessment on inimese usaldatavuse analüüs. Kas Human Reliability Assessment metoodika vajab ka Eestis rakendamist ? Jah, Human Reliability Assessment metoodika vajab ka Eestis rakendamist.
2. Mis on apsud ? 3. Mis on ajutised mälu ja kontsentratsiooni häired ? 4. Kas apsud ja ajutised mälu ja kontsentratsiooni häired võivad juhtuda kõikidel inimestel ? 5. Mis on tahtlikult vale käitumine ? 6. Kas ergonoomilised töötingimused vähendavad inimese vea tõenäosust ? 7. Kas ergonoomilised masinad ja seadmed vähendavad inimeste vigu ? 8. Kas ohtlikumad on töötaja vead või juhi, inseneri ja disaineri vead ? 9. Mis on Human Reliability Assessment ? 10. Kas Human Reliability Assessment metoodika vajab ka Eestis rakendamist ? Vastused: 1.) On kindlaks tehtud, et 90% kuni 100% õnnetuste põhjuseks on inimene(nii inimfaktor kui inimlik viga) 2.) Apsud - tahtmatud tegevused, mida teadvus ei fikseeri (nt. vale aine võtmine,vale nupu vajutamine jne) 3.) Inimene unustab ajutiselt mida või milleks ta teeb. Selle tagajärjel võib põhjustada õnnetuse. Selliseid häireid põhjustab töö katkestamine ja segamine. 4
4 Oct 2010 John Smith Manager Modern Technology Ltd. Dear Sir I noticed your advertisement of computers in the current issue of ,,Modern Technology" and i am interested in your range of HP laptops.Some time ago we purchased five Canon copy machines which are working just excellent.According to recent products we recieved from you,we now have full confident in your companys quality and reliability. Hope you include some helpful information of any new models of Dell and previously mentioned Hewlett-Packard workbooks in your reply. I look forward to your reply,and doing business with you in the future as well. Yours faithfully Your Name
Research täistekstidele? Vastus: ScienceDirect Freedom Collection 1999 kuni tänaseni 5. Leidke EBSCOhost andmebaasidest üks täistekstiga artikkel teemal tuuleturbiinid (wind turbines) Vastuses esitage artikli autor, pealkiri, ajakirja nimetus, aastakäik (Volume), number (Issue) ja artikli paiknemise leheküljed. Lisage artikli täisteksti sisaldava andmebaasi nimetus ja kasutamise kuupäev. Vastus: Gruender W. Artikkel RELIABILITY OF MACHINE ELEMENTS IN WIND TURBINES, on ilmunud ajakirjas Fiability & Durability, 2010, number 1, lk 115-120. Academic Search Complete
Helen Kalamäe "We're the Millers" I suggest to watch the film called "We're the Millers" . It is an American comedy film directed by Rawson Marshall Thurber. The actors of the film are: Jennifer Aniston, Jason Sudeikis, Emma Roberts, Will Poulter, Nick Offerman, Kathryn Hahn, and Ed Helms. It was released in the U.S. on August 7, 2013. David is a drug dealer. He is unable to pay his depth to his boss. So his boss offers him to go to Mexico and get some marijuana for him. It is going to be difficult to get across the border. David decides to pose as a family man. He collects four different people together. They all pretend like they are on family vacation. Their trip is harder than expected and they have a lot of troubles in their journey. This is a great movie when you want to watch something light and funny. It is a good come...
Functional user requirements may be high level statements of what the system should do.Functional system requirements should describe the system services in detail. Functional requirements Statements of services the system should provide, how the system should react to particular inputs and how the system should behave in particular situations. May state what the system should not do. Non-functional requirements These define system properties and constraints e.g. reliability, response time and storage requirements. Constraints are I/O device capability, system representations, etc. Process requirements may also be specified mandating a particular IDE, programming language or development method Non-functional requirements(FURPS+ Functionality Usability reliability Performance Supportability) Constraints on the services or functions offered by the system such as timing constraints, constraints on the development process, standards, etc.
Brands *Pros: quality is well-good/stylish/to show they have good taste/good design/reliability *Cons : don't want to show people you have a lot of logos/people have the same clothes/ inflated prices/needs value of money Marketing *The basic concept underlying marketing is human needs. *Marketing has been defined as the process of matching an organisation's resources with customer needs. *4 conditions necessary for exchange : value, delivery, communication, parties *4 variables of marketing mix: product, price, place, promotion
· Battery charging time, but there are ways to "quick charge" to the part-time battery capacity. · In most cases, low dynamic performance. · In some hybrids in general there are no electric batteries. · The major auto companies after the 2000s, paid little attention to electric cars in favor of hybrids. and many other Advantages · Overall simplicity of design and management in comparison with hybrid vehicles. · lower number mechanical parts and components. · Improved reliability. · Ease of repair and service, and as a result, and lower operation cost. · Less pollution. No transmission unlike mechanical hybrids. modern Application The world leader in electric transportation - China. widely used in various enterprises are widely used for transportation of goods in railway stations, shops and large stores, as well as an attraction. models electric cars The best-known-manufactured electric cars can be considered: Toyota RAV4 EV, ZENN, ZAP
opportunity to immediately ask the teacher for clarification or additional information on a certain topic. Thus, the student will have a better understanding of the subject at hand as well as develop their social skills. In conclusion, even though there are several pros and cons to both traditional and online classes, the classical way of learning outweigh online classes. When in search of a good education, attending a regular class is more advantageous by being the base of discipline, reliability and enhanced social skills. Although online classes can be a good fit for some people, the majority will still benefit more by learning in a classroom. Triin Tammaru 12.d
varasid ei ole volitamatult muudetud varad pärinevad autentsest allikast Sügis 2006 Tallinna Polütehnikum 6 Turvalisus Infovarade kolme omaduse tagamine: konfidentsiaalsus (confidentiality) varad on kättesaadavad ainult volitatud kasutajatele (isikud ja alamsüsteemid) Sügis 2006 Tallinna Polütehnikum 7 Turvalisuse täiendavad omadused Töökindlus (reliability) ettenähtud käitumise ja tulemuste järjekindlus Autentsus (authenticity) mingi subjekt või ressurss on see, kellena või millena ta esineb Jälitatavus (accountability) mingi olemi toimingud on üheselt jälitatavad selle olemini Sügis 2006 Tallinna Polütehnikum 8 Turvalisuse kriteeriumid Kas.... on olemas dokumenteeritud turvapoliitika? vastutus turbe eest on selgelt määritletud?
sometimes colloquially known as a screw propeller or screw. 1.2.1A controllable pitch propeller (CPP) or variable pitch propeller is a type of propeller with blades that can be rotated around their long axis to change their pitch. If the pitch can be set to negative values, the reversible propeller can also create reverse thrust for braking or going backwards without the need of changing the direction of shaft revolutions. 1.2.2) Fixed Pitch Propellers are recommended when optimal efficiency, reliability, and robustness is required. Each ship's hull has its own characteristics. In order to achieve the highest possible total efficiency of the vessel, the propeller must be a perfect match with the engine and the hull. A fixed pitch propeller is the choice when optimum efficiency, reliability and robustness are required. Fixed pitch propellers are usually installed for ocean sailing vessels, for example Container vessels Tankers Bulk carriers Dry cargo vessels 1
Slovenian. ALADIN/AROME By running the ALADIN model, the prediction of large-scale (100 – 1000 km) weather processes (e.g. fronts) is targeted, thus applying a relatively coarse, 8 km horizontal resolution over a domain covering the continental part of Europe. By running the AROME model the main goal is the prediction of small-, or meso-scale (10 – 100 km) weather phenomenon (e.g. thunder-storms, squall-lines, meso-scale convective systems) with high reliability, thus this model is run on a 2.5 km horizontal resolution over the Carpathian-basin. The ALADIN and AROME models provide the expected values of meteorological parameters (pressure, wind, temperature, humidity and precipitation) in the future on a three dimensional grid. The forecast methodology is primarily based on hydrodynamics (or atmospheric dynamics), thermodynamics, radiation theory and cloud-physics . UKMO
that converts a digital signal into an analoogmuund analog signal ur data encoding information using fewer bits andmetihendu compression than the original representation s DSP digital signal processing, various digitaalne techniques for improving the accuracy signaalitöötlus and reliability of digital communications echo control methods in telephony to improve voice kajakontroll quality by preventing echo from being created or removing it after it is already present edge a variety of mathematical methods that ääretuvastami detection aim at identifying points in a digital ne image at which the image brightness has discontinuities
O2 transport and extraction rather than intake Cont... · improved O2 extraction could result from greater capillarisation around the alveoli resulting in a larger diffusion area · improved alveolar functioning and involvement could also account for improved O2 extraction · improved extraction at the muscle will also increase av O2 diff. Research Articles · An Evaluation of the Predictive Validity and Reliability of Ventilatory Threshold (AMANN et al., 2004) · Inspiratory muscles do not limit maximal incremental exercise performance in healthy subjects (Romer et al., 2006) Reading · Marieb & Hoehn (2007) Human anatomy & Physiology. CH. 22. · Tortora & Grabowski (depends on edition), Principles of Anatomy & Physiology, chap. 23 · Wilmore & Costill (2004) Physiology of Sport & Exercise, chaps. 8 & 9 · See also McArdle, Katch & Katch Respiratory Regulation
(eksisteerib harva) Direct Oblimin= võimaldab kaldpöördumist (vali see! Deltat ei muuda, see jääb nulliks) - OK Output aknas: Tabel "Structure Matrix": mida suurem arv seda mõjuvam. Faktorskooride salvestamine: Analyze - Dimension reduction - Factor - Scores (paremalt) - save as variables - ok. Tekib kaks uut faktorite muutujat tabelisse ja saab neid uurida. Tekkinud faktori Cronbachi alfa arvutamiseks: analyze-scale-reliability analysis - kõik testi muutujad sinna muutujate kasti - statistics (paremalt) - "Item" ja "Scale if item deleted" ette linnuke - ok. Tabel "reliability statistics" annab cronbachi alfa kõigi testide peale kokku. Tabel "Item-total statistics" annab cronbachi alfa erladi iga testi lõikes.
1) Käideldavus (availably) · Varade takistuseta kättesaadavus valitud kasutajatele (isikud ja alamsüsteemid). · varade kasutamiskõlblikkus (õige, aktuaalne). 2) terviklus (integrity) · varasid ei ole volitamatult muudetud · varad pärinevad audentsest allikast. 3) Konfidentsiaalsus (confidentiality) · varad on kättesaadavad ainult valitud kasutajatele (isikud ja alamsüsteemid). Turvalisuse täiendavad omadused. 1) Töökindlus (reliability) · ettenähtud käitumise ja tulemuste järjekindlus. 2)Autentsus (authenticity) · mingi subjekt või ressurss on see, kellena või millena ta esineb. 3) jälitatavus (accountability) · mingi olemi toimingud on ühtselt jälitatavad selle olemini. 1 Turvalisuse kriteeriumid. Kas... 1) on olemas dokumenteeritud turvapoliitika?
K. Busko, R. Michalski, J. Mazur, J. Gajevski; Jumping abilities in elite female volleyball players: comparative analysis among age categories; 2012; Poola K. Kais; Võrkpalli õpik III tase; 2012; Eesti S. Markovic, D.M. Mirkov, O.M. Knezevic, S. Jaric; Jump training with different loads: effects on jumping performance and power output; 2013; Saksamaa T. Sattler, D. Sekulic, V.Hadzic, O.Uljevic, E.Dervisevic; Vertical jumping tests in volleyball: reliability, validity, and playing-position specifics; 2012; Horvaatia M. Voelzke, N. Stutzig, H-A. Thorhauer, U. Granacher; Promoting lower extremity strength in elite volleyball players: Effects of two combined training methods; 2012; Saksamaa 8
Mis on käideldavus? Käideldavus (Availability) - IT komponendi võime täita nõutud funktsionaalsust etteantud ajavahemikus. Käideldavuse määravad töökindlus, hooldatavus, teenindatavus, sooritusvõime ja turvalisus. Tavaliselt väljendatakse käideldavust protsendina. Arvutus põhineb kokkulepitud teenusajal ja maasolekul. Parim praktika soovitab arvutada käideldavust lähtudes IT teenuse ärilisest väljundist. 2. Mis on töökindlus? Töökindlus (Reliability) - mõõt iseloomustamaks, kui kaua võib konfiguratsioonielement või IT teenus täita ettenähtud funktsioone ilma katkestuseta. Selleks mõõduks on enamasti MTBF (Mean Time BetweenFailure) või MTBSI (Mean Time Between Service Incidents). Terminit töökindlus saab kasutada ka iseloomustamiseks tõenäosust, et protsess, funktsioon, jne suudab tarnida nõutava tulemuse. 3. Mis on tõrge?
One year all the vying knights were all gathered at the shooting line, the parrot suddenly fell to the ground, pierced by an arrow. The sharpshooter turned out to be a poor boy called Toomas. The annoyed contestants told him to place the parrot back on the top of the pole. Everyone was impressed and the story about Toomas spread quickly. The major of Tallinn asked him to be the town-guard. It was a great honor for the young man and he proved his reliability several times in the battles of the Livonian war. At old age his looks were very similar to the man on the weather vane on top of the spire of the Tallinn's Town Hall, so the people started to call the vane Old Thomas. How did Wheel's Well get the name Cat's Well The legend says that citizens of Tallinn believed that an evil spirit, who threatened to make all the towns wells run dry, lived in the Wheel's Well
· Call the benefits of 3-phase rectifiers upon the 1-phase ones output voltage · Which rectifier has more diodes 3-phase bridge · In the case of high-pass filter before the load, what can you tell about the current higher · What is the difference between the construction and operation of a rectifier and an inverter input wave output wave · What are the advantages of a single-phase bridge inverter high efficiency high reliability · What kind of control provides the highest output power of the inverter block · What load inductance provides the interruptible output current zero · What should be the value of an inverter output frequency to reduce audible noise very high · What is the maximum modulation index of a linear PWM system one · What semiconductor devices are most widely used in inverters diode transistor · What is the most important component of a full-bridge inverter transistor
Seni on töökindlus turvamudelitest välja jäetud ja teda on vaadeldud tavaprobleemidest lahus. Komplekssemad käsitlusviisid püüavad opereerida omaniku ja legaalse kasutaja seisukohalt otstarbekamate infotöötlussüsteemi kvaliteedi agregeeritud näitajatega (T. Beth, J.C. Laprie, T. Olovsson jt). Näiteks T. Olovsson esitab järgmise kvaliteedinäitajate taksonoomia: · sõltumisväärsus e teenuse kvaliteet (dependability), · käideldavus (availability), · töökindlus (reliability), · ohutus (safety), · turvalisus (security), · terviklus (integrity), · konfidentsiaalsus (confidentiality). Kvaliteedi komponendid on selles skeemis määratletud nii. Käideldavus A(t) on tõenäosus, millega süsteem on kasutuskõlblik hetkel t ning iseloomustab teenuse olemasolu. Töökindlus R(t) on tõenäosus, millega süsteem täidab oma funktsioone ajavahemikul [t0t] eeldusel, et ta töötas hetkel t0, ning iseloomustab teenuse pidevust.
Precedence D T R ECN (Prioriteet) · 0-2 -- IP segmenti prioriteet (precedence) · 3 --aja viivituse nõudlus(delay) IP segmenti saatmisel (0 -- normaalne, 1 -- madal viivitus) · 4 --marsruuti läbilaskevõime nõudlus (throughput) mille järgi hakkab liikuma IP segment (0 -- low, 1 -- kõrge läbilaskevõime) · 5 --segmenti ülekanne usaldusväärsuse nõudlus (reliability) (0 -- normaalne, 1 -- kõrge usaldusväärsus) · 6-7 -- ECN --(Explicit Congestion Notification) selgesõnaline ummikute teatamine (IP voogu juhtimine.) Praktikas ToS välja kasutamine ei olnud laialdaselt rakendatud. IP rakendused ei täitnud ToSi välja ning ruuterid ignoreerisid seda IP paketti saatmise otsustamisel. Võrguliikluse võtmeomadused
be exhibited in it (Brown & Adler, 2008). Naturally, to be correct in terms of representativeness 8 and typicality of data I should collect it from different individuals and classrooms. If I decline this fact, the project may result being poor in terms of internal validity. Additionally, there might occur a problem with internal reliability. Thus, I must find a a partner to compare results of survey on efficiency of communication technologies in EFL lessons. In case my research fails in terms of external reliability, it will mean that it is not valid either. I am also considering to carry out an action research since it suits me more in terms of its descriptions and conditions. Apparently, I will conduct a research conducted in various classrooms without involving others which will be aimed at
With a "leg up" on other companies, GM used its experience with commercial busses' air suspension to introduce systems for its car lines, beginning with the 1958 model year. Air bags at each wheel replaced the standard coil springs, and had sensors to keep the car level under load and in turns. It was too slow to react in sudden maneuvers, however. Period reviews rated the air suspension somewhat superior in ride quality, but not dramatically. Some reliability issues plagued these systems, as well. Thus, as an option, air suspension was short lived in that era. Vehicles that use air suspension today include models from Maybach, Rolls-Royce, Lexus, Mercedes-Benz, Land Rover/Range Rover, SsangYong, Audi, Subaru, Volkswagen, and Lincoln, among others. The air suspension designs from Land Rover, SsangYong, Subaru and some Audi, VW, and Lexus models, feature height adjustable suspension controlled by the driver, suitable for clearing rough terrain
x Oluliste esemete jälgimine x Pagasi jälgimine x Kaubakäsitlus ladudes x Esemete vargusevastane märgistamine x Postipakkide turvalisus 6. Martin Christopher on välja pakkunud 4R mudeli kirjeldamaks nelja võtmetegurit tarneahelas. Millised järgnevatest on 4R komponendid? (4p) x Responsiveness x Reputation Regulation x Reliability x Readiness x Resilience x Realism x Relationships 7. Selgitage lühidalt mõistet ,,vertikaalne integratsioon"? (5p) Vertikaalne integratsioon tähendab ettevõtte osaluse ja tegevuse suurendamist toote või teenuse väärtusahelas. Vertikaalselt integreerida saab ette- või tahapoole. Ettepoole integratsiooni korral toimub lähenemine lõpptarbijale
k. validity) võimaldavad kindlaks määrata valiku kriteeriumide ja prediktorite vahelised seosed. Personali valiku kriteeriumide abil hinnatakse töötajate töösooritust, milleks võib kasutada erinevaid näitajaid, nagu töömaht, käive, tegevus (käitumine), töökvaliteet, täpsus, ideekus, meeskonnasobivus jt. Personali valiku valiidsuse kõrval on oluline arvestada ka valikumeetodite reliaablusega (usaldusväärsusega). Personali valiku reliaablus (ingl. k. reliability) on töötajate töösobivuse hindamise (testimise jm.) tulemuste usaldusväärsus. Seda kasutatakse eelkõige töötajate töösobivuse hindamise (testimise) tulemuste usaldusväärsuse määramiseks. Mida tähendab sõltumatu ja sõltuv muutuja? Sõltumatu muutuja - muutuja, mis on sündmuste ahela algatajaks, on suhteliselt kindla väärtusega ja/või põhjustab muutusi teistes muutujates. Sõltuv muutuja sõltumatu(te)st muutuja(te)st mõjutatud muutuja. Mida tähendab valim?
olulised. e) Parameter Estimates näitab täpselt, kui palju (ning kas statistiliselt oluliselt) iga sõltumatu muutuja panustas ennustatava muutuja ennustamisse. 11. PRAKTIKUM 1) CRONBACHI ALFA Cronbachi alfa on sisereliaabluse koefitsient. See näitab, kuivõrd testi küsimused mõõdavad sama konstrukti. Cronbachi alfa vahemik on 0 kuni 1. Tulemust peetakse rahuldavaks kui > 0.7 ja heaks kui > 0.8. Käsklusrida: Analyze Scale Reliability Analysis Sisestage kõik uuritavad muutujad. Lisaks valige aknast Statistics - Item, Scale, Scale if item deleted, Correlations. Tulemus: Reliability Statistics Reliability Statistics Cronbach's Cronbach's N of Items Alpha Alpha Based on Standardized Items ,747 ,740 7
subjektiivsed Valiidsus ja reliaablus • Reliaablus: Kasutatava metoodika stabiilsus, järjekindlus, püsivus – tulemuste korratavus, sõltumatus juhuslikest mõjuritest • Näitab, kui hästi langevad kokku samades tingimustes läbiviidud kordusmõõtmiste tulemused (kas ei ole juhuslikud tulemused?) – Sisemine kooskõla e. sisereliaablus – kas mingid küsimused/väited, mis peavad mõõtma sama fenomeni, on kooskõlas – Stabiilsus (Test-retest reliability): tulemused peaksid olema sarnased erinevate uurimuste vahel – Hindajate vaheline (Interrater reliability): kooskõla määr kahe erineva vaatleja/uurija vahel (Kapa kordaja) Peaks olema kõrge. Kui kõrge? • Valiidsus • Näitab, kui hästi andmekogumismeetod mõõdab seda, mida mõõta tahetakse – sisemine valiidsus – kuivõrd uurimuses ilmnenud efekt on omistatav sellele muutujale, millega uurija tahtlikult manipuleerinud on – väline valiidsus – kuivõrd on tulemused
- Functional user requirements may be high-level statements of what the system should do. - Functional system requirements should describe the system services in detail. Non-functional requirements Constraints on the services or functions offered by the system such as timing constraints, constraints on the development process, standards, etc. May apply to the system as a whole as well as to individual features or services. - These define system properties and constraints e.g. reliability, response time and storage requirements. Constraints are I/O device capability, system representations, etc. - Process requirements may also be specified mandating a particular IDE, programming language or development method. - Non-functional requirements may be more critical than functional requirements. If these are not met, the system may be useless. - Non-functional requirements may affect the overall architecture of a system rather than the individual components.
close to what matters to them." (Quote from Nokia's homepage) Nokia focuses on providing consumers with technology that is intuitive, a joy to use, and beautiful. Nokia's strategy relies on growing, transforming, and building the Nokia business to ensure its future success. PRODUCTS Nokia produces telephones and telecommunications network equipment. One of Nokia's requests is to offer people the quality and reliability of their products. Nokia believes that design, brand, ease of use and prices of the products are the most important considerations to customers. In the past years Nokia has come up with new mobile phone designs. The latest of Nokia's products is the new N95 which nearly has all the functions a computer has. Nokia doesn't only sell telephones however. It also focuses on wireless systems, wireless data and voice devices, multimedia computers and mobile gaming devices
particular buyer group, product line segment or geographic market to serve the needs of a narrow strategicmarket more effectively than its compeditors Requirements for generic competitive strategies: Eight dimensions of quality: 1. Performance primary operating characteristics, such as a washing machine's cleaning ability 2. Features bells and whistles such as cruise control in a car that supplement the basic functions 3. Reliability probability that the product will continue functioning without any significant maintenance 4. Conformance degree ti which a product meets standards. When a customer buys a product oit of the warehouse, it should perform identically to that viewed on the showrroom floor 5. Serviceability product's case of repair 6. Aestetics how a product looks, feels, sounds, tastes or smells ETTEGVÕTTE STRATEEGIA:
5. defendant - the party against whom a civil action is started 6. defence (counsel) – protection of smb in the civil proceeding 7. prosecution – the party bringing a criminal action 8. inadmissible evidence – the evidence that is not possible to take into account 9. tracking system of claims – certain 3-level system to determine which court should hear a case 10. burden of proof – obligation to bring evidence 11. standards of proof – the level of reliability of the evidence used in the case 12. adversarial procedure – opposing parties hold a dispute in the procedure 13. inquisitorial procedure – the judge controls and starts investigation in the case 14. damages – monetary compensation which is claimed by the injured person 15. injunction – an order that requires or forbids the defendant to do smth 16. specific performance – to be forced to do smth by the court decision
ettevõtetele, kus esinevad inimfaktori probleemid. Selleks on vaja teada inimfaktori probleemi indikaatoreid, mis on toodud alljärgnevalt: - kõrge tööjõu voolavus; - kõrged töölt puudumise ja haigestumise näitajad; - tervise ja ohutusalaste eeskirjade ignoreerimine; - riski hindamisel tuvastatud töötajate käitumise häired; - töötajate kaebused töötingimuste ja töökorralduse peale. Nendes ettevõtetes on soovitav teha inimese usaldatavuse analüüs (Human Reliability Assessment - HRA), mille üheks komponendiks on inimvea tõenäosuse mõõtmine - (Human Error Probability). Siin mõõdetakse töökoha, töö organisatsiooni ning töökeskkonna vastavust ergonoomilistele soovitustele: ergonoomika eesmärk on inimeste ohutuse, tervise ja komfordi kindlustamine läbi töökoha kavandamise, töö organisatsiooni ja töökeskkonna parandamise. Infouputus töökeskkonna optimeerimisel Töökeskkonna optimeerimisel on tõsiseks probleemiks infouputus
tagaserv trailing edge, rear edge täävtoru stertube tiivikkäitur, Voith-Schneideri vertical axis propeller, Voith-Shneider käitur propeller tikkpolt stud bolt tuletis (mat.) derivative,differential tõmbejõud tension, tensile force tõukejõutegur thrust coefficient töökindlus reliability vasakpoolne (vastupäeva) counter-clockwise rotation direction pöörlemissuund vask-nikkelsulam copper-nickel alloy vastastikku pöörlevad contra-rotating propellers, CRP sõukruvid väljajooksumaa reach, brake way, stopping distance õlijagaja oil distributor õlipuks oil distribution ring äärik flange ülekavitatsiooniline sõukruvi supercavitating propeller
·Enables information objects to be accessed without knowledge of their location. ·Example:Pages in the Web ·Example:Tables in distributed databases Concurrency Transparency ·Enables several processes to operate concurrently using shared information objects without interference between them. ·Example:Automatic teller machine network ·Example:Database management system Replication Transparency ·Enables multiple instances of information objects to be used to increase reliability and performance without knowledge of the replicas by users or application programs ·Example:Distributed DBMS Failure Transparency ·Enables the concealment of faults ·Allows users and applications to complete their tasks despite the failure of other components. ·Example:Database Management System Migration Transparency ·Allows the movement of information objects within a system without affecting the operations of users or application programs ·Example:Web Pages
some of the popular arguments against it. We focus on the Java language and its standard libraries (i.e. those found in J2SE 1.4); Java 3D will be considered in later sections. 2.1. Why use Java for Games? 2 Games Programming with Java and Java 3D The advantages of programming with Java are well known: object orientation, cross- platform support, code reuse, ease of development, the availability of tools, reliability and stability, good documentation, continuing support from Sun Microsystems, low development costs, the ability to use legacy code (e.g. C, C++), and increased programmer productivity. The portability of Java is sometimes overstated games in particular often require some `tweaking' to improve their performance on different OSes/machines, such as in the scheduling of threads, data structure and/or algorithm design, or the choice of GUI components
.. Lendamine on nii ohtlikuks muutunud!!! Kuid mulle meeldivad emotsioonidest tunduvalt enam faktid. Ja faktid on järgmised: 2001. aasta oli maailma moodsa tsiviillennunduse ohutuim aasta. Juhtus vaid 34 fataalset õnnetust reisilennukitega. Hukkunute arvult 1181 oli eelmine aasta ohutuse poolest kuuendal kohal. Sellised on faktid. Need maksavad, mitte emotsioonid. tabel Eesti lennukid korras Technical Dispatch Reliability näitab lennuki tehnilist valmisolekut plaanijärgseks lennuks. Fokker 50 TDR Estonian Air 1999 98,50% Estonian Air 2000 98,71% Estonian Air 2001 98,83% maailma keskmine 2001
Golden Age (7501258) Under the Abbasids, Islamic civilization flourished in the "Islamic Golden Age", with its capital at the cosmopolitan city of Baghdad. The major hadith collections were compiled and the four modern Sunni Madh'habs were established. Islamic law was advanced greatly by the efforts of the early 9th century jurist al-Shafi'i; he codified a method to establish the reliability of hadith, a topic which had been a locus of dispute among Islamic scholars. Philosophers Ibn Sina (Avicenna) and Al-Farabi sought to incorporate Greek principles into Islamic theology, while others like the 11th century theologian Abu Hamid al-Ghazzali argued against them and ultimately prevailed. Sufism became a full-fledged movement that had moved towards mysticism and away from its ascetic roots, while Shi'ism split due to disagreements over the succession of Imams
2. Mittefunktsionaalne nõue Piirang, millele süsteem peab alluma. Mõnikord puudutavad piirangud kindlaid kasutusjuhtusid (disaini nõudeid). Enamasti on mittefunktsionaalseteks nõueteks kogu süsteemi puudutavad piirangud (arhitektuuri nõuded). Näiteks: Piirang oleks, et tudeng peab olema vähemalt 18 aastane. FURPS+ mudel: nõuete tüübid FURPS mudel organiseerib kõik nõuded viide kategooriasse: F - Functional U - Usability R - Reliability P - Performance S - Supportability, FURPS + lisab veel mõned kategooriad. Kasutatavus Eeldatav kasutaja kompetents/kogemus Kasutajaliidese standardite rakendamine Dokumentatsiooni ja juhendite võimaldamine Usaldusväärsus Töökindluse ja turvalisuse nõuded Süsteemi kättesaadavus, lihtsus ja usaldusväärsus Veakäsitlus, vigade vaheline aeg Veakindlus Andmete kaotamise (mitte)lubatavus Jõudlus
kohanevad ettevõtete vajadustega. Plaani etapp on kus ettevõte ja IT töötavad koos ja kus pannakse paika millele IT hakkab panema tähelepanu, et luua teenuseid, mille abil ettevõtte saab olla edukas. (Microsoft Partner Technical Services, 26.03.2014) 2.1.1 Service Management Functions Plaani etapis on 4 Service Management funktsiooni Ettevõtte/IT paigutus (Business/IT Alignment) – Eesmärgiks on luua õigeid ja mõjuvaid teenuseid nii nagu ettevõte neid tajub. Usaldusväärsus (Reliability) – Eesmärgiks on teha kindlaks, et teenuste võime, teenuste saadavus, teenuste jätkuvus ning andmete terviklikus on meelel ettevõtte vajadustega ning on tasuv. Poliis (Policy) – Eesmärgiks on tõhusalt määrata ja hallata IT poliise, mis on vajalikud ettevõtte poliiside ja IT tõhususe rakendamiseks . Finantsiline haldamine – (Financial Management) – Eesmärgiks on täpselt ennustada, aru anda
alternately on biogas and natural gas. Sweden is the only country in the world with a national standard for biogas as vehicle fuel today. This standard essentially states that the methane content must be higher than 95% and also sets limits for dew point, sulphur content and some other minor constituents. Upgrading of biogas is a relatively new technology but experience from Sweden and other countries shows that it is possible now to upgrade biogas with high reliability and at reasonable costs. The Swedish experience shows that biogas can be an economical sustainable fuel with a potential to drastically reduce emissions in urban transport. Other benefits Wastes do not perish. Instead of that, they become more valuable compost. The weeds in animal compost cannot germinate. Biogas has especially positive health effects in rural areas. Smell of animal compost disappears widely after biogas production
premium cars have a high reputation and better driving qualities than volume car brands. Although at the end they still are more likely to buy a volume car brand because of car's price. Buying a volume car brand consumers will look for economic fundamentals such as price and fuel consumption. While buying a premium car consumers are making their decision on emotional factors such as style, brand and comfort. However the most important considerations when buying a car are price, reliability and fuel consumption. Mini has a good resale value, because Mini is considered as durable car and thanks to that it is still highly valued after few years of usage time. Also Mini is notably preferred more among females then males. The research shows that among females Mini is preferred 11 per cent and among males it was less than 3 per cent. (http://academic.mintel.com G) Suppliers and employees Minis are manufactured in BMW factories and during the recession Mini had to let go its workers
Statistiliselt jämedateks vigadeks hinnati standardiseeritud jääkvead ( vi / vi ), mis ületasid normaaljaotuse väärtused valitud riskitasemel : wi > N (0,1) 1- a / 2 (1) 13 Võrgu jäikuse hindamisel kasutati jämedate vigade avastamise alampiiri sisemist usaldatavust (IR, internal reliability), mis näitab mitu korda peab jäme viga standart- hälvet ületama testi efektiivsusel , et ta oleks avastatav: I = ; (2) ri kus - eksentrilisusparameeter = ( , ) ri - osaredundants Piirväärtusest väiksemate jämedate vigade mõjule võrgus anti hinnang lähtuvalt
team'i koostamine. 9. Reaalaja jõudluse puudujäägid - modelleerimine,eelhindamine, prototüüpimine, eelhäälestamine. 10. Arvutustehnika võimaluste ülehindamine - tehniline analüüs,kulude-tulude analüüs, prototüüpimine, kirjanduse viidete ülekontroll. 57. Tarkvara omadused. 1. Väline (kasutajale nähtav) kvaliteet Kasutatavus - Usability Usaldusväärsus - Reliability 2. Sisemine kvaliteet Nõuete kirjeldus Disaini dokumentatsioon 58. Tarkvara kvaliteedi faktorid. 1. Korrektsus - Correctness 2. Usaldusväärsus - Reliability 3. Efektiivsus - Efficiency 4. Terviklikkus - Integrity 5. Kasutatavus - Usability 6. Hooldatavus - Maintainability 7. Paindlikkus - Flexibility 8. Testitavus - Testability 9. Portatiivsus - Portability 10. Taaskasutatavus - Reusability 11
or services within the specific industry or market segment it serves. Business strategy is comprised of: • Competitive strategy • Cooperative strategy Porter’s Competitive Strategies: *Lower cost strategy *Differentiation strategy * • Cost leadership *Cost Focus * Differentiation Focus *Differentiation The eight dimentions of quality 1. Performance – peamine funktsioon 2. Features – kellad ja viled 3. Reliability – usaldusväärsus 4. Conformance – vastavus showroomis näidatuga 5. Durability - kestvus 6. Serviceability – lihtne hooldada 7. Aesthetics – esteetika, kuidas product lõhnab, välja näeb jne 8. Perceived Quality – üldine maine Industry Structure and Competitive Strategy Fragmented industry- palju väikseid firmasid väiksel turul Consolidated industry – paar suuri firma dominantsus
There are large reserves of uranium, and new breeder reactors can produce more fuel than they use. Unfortunately this doesn't mean we can have an endless supply of fuel Breeder reactors need a feedstock of uranium and thorium, so when we run out of these two fuels (in about 1000 years), breeder reactors will cease to be useful. This is still a more lengthy solution to the current burning of coal, gas, and oil. · Reliability Nuclear power plants need little fuel, so they are less vulnerable to shortages because of strikes or natural disasters. International relations will have little effect on the supply of fuel to the reactors because uranium is evenly deposited around the globe. One disadvantage of uranium mining is that it leaves the residues from chemical processing of the ore, which leads to radon exposure to the public. These effects do not outweigh the
kui ka arendaja seisukohalt. Kokkuvõttes loob see hea aluse kvaliteetse tarkvara loomiseks. Nõuete kirjeldamisel on lähtutud tarkvaraarenduses levinud FURPS+ mudelist. Mudel näeb ette nõuete jaotamist järgmistesse üksustesse: • funktsionaalsus (functionality); • kasutatavus (usability); • usaldusväärsus (reliability); • jõudlus (performance); • teenindatavus (supportability) Kõikidele töös kirjeldatud funktsionaalsetele nõuetele luuakse automaattestid kasutades Codeception raamistikku. Codeception võimaldab kirjutada kasutaja vastuvõtu-‐, funktsionaal-‐ ning ühikteste
laboratory abrasion tests and actual wear in the intended end-use. According to [2], the main drawback of the subjective methods based on estimation by experts is their inconsistency and the inaccuracy of the rating results. Henceforward, there is still today a need for devising objective evaluation methods, relying in automatic and non-intrusive pilling measurement. [ CITATION Fur15 l 1061 ] With the aim of speeding up the pilling measurement procedure and, at the same time, to increase the reliability of the visual control, in the last years a number of Machine Vision (MV) systems have been proposed in order to overcome the limitations of traditional, visually-based, pilling measurement. On the basis of the most relevant results obtained in this field, the present paper provides a rational and chronological review of the most promising methods proposed so far. It is authors’ opinion that such a review can help researchers in understanding the working principles of today’s best
with those that might be given by human raters. In contrast to e-rater and Intellimetric, the non-content features (e.g., mechanics, style, organization) of IEA are not fixed, but rather are constructed as a function of the domains assessed in the rating rubric. The weights for prox variables associated with these domains are predicted based on human ratings, and then are combined with the score calculated for content. Reliability and Validity,Because AES models often formed by using more than two raters, studies that have evaluated inter-rater agreement have usually showed that the agreement coefficients between the computer and human raters is at least as high or higher than among human raters themselves (Elliot, 2003; Landauer et al., 2003; Page & Petersen, 1995). All AES engines have obtained exact agreements with humans as high as the mid-80's and
09.2011 Deduktsioon (Creswell, 2003: Deduction - notes 125) · Järelduste paikapidavuse testimine. ,,Deductive logic is used 1. Uurija testib või kontrollib teooriat not to decide the reliability of the statements; rather it is used to test logical validity of conclusions we draw, given 2. Uurija testib teooria põhjal tuletatud that the statements are correct. (Danemark et al., 1997: 82) hüpoteese · Ei anna/loo uusi teadmisi. ,,The limitation of deduction is that it 3
annaabi.ee 
