University College of London and Norway's Royal Radar Establishment join up. 1974: Network intercommunication is becoming more sophisticated; data is now transmitted more quickly and efficiently with the design of TCP (Transmission Control Program). 1976: Unix is developed at AT and T; Queen Elizabeth sends out her first email message. 1979: USENET, the mother of all networked discussion groups, is developed. 1982: Internet technology protocols are developed, commonly known as TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol). 1984: Number of hosts is now up to 1000, with more being added every day. 1985: The first registered domain is Symbolics.com. 1987: Number of hosts breaks the 10,000 mark. 1988: First large-scale Internet worm affects thousands of Internet hosts. 1991: Tim Berners-Lee develops the World Wide Web.
) network layerprotocol (NCP) phase. N·R, N = 16 is common 1. 1st signal transition from 1-> 0 = start of byte (SOB) 2. Each signal sampled command Frame received with partner address -> response Frame transmitted · For connection-oriented service, unlike HDLC: · Auth . protocols at ½ bit time 1st signal sampled after N/2 cycles ith signal sampled after N/2 + N(i-1) cycles 3. Each with own address -> response Frame transmitted with partner address -> must operate in SABME mode; no SNRM, SNRME, or Various protocols for authentication:
Põhifail Skeem(id) /etc/hosts hosts.byname hosts.byaddr /etc/networks networks.byname networks.byaddr /etc/passwd passwd.byname passwd.byuid /etc/group group.byname group.bygid /etc/services services.byname services.bynumber /etc/rpc rpc.byname rpc.bynumber /etc/protocols protocols.byname protocols.bynumber /usr/lib/aliases mail.aliases On ka teisi faile ja skeeme, mida mõningad NIS-paketid toetavad. Seal võib leiduda informatsiooni rakenduste tarvis, millest siin ei räägita, aga mida kasutavad mõned BOOTP-serverid (nagu näiteks skeem bootparams) või millel pole praegu Linuxis mingit funktsiooni (nagu skeemid ethers.byname ja ethers.byaddr). Mõnda skeemi kutsuvad inimesed tihtipeale lühinimega, mida on hõlpsam meeles pidada. NIS-
Earliest civil engineer Imhotep, officials of the Djoser, designed Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara Ancient Greece developed machines, civilian and military domains Chinese and Roman armies, military machines, Ballista and catapult MIDDLE ERA Al-Jazari, five machines to pump water, Turkish Artuqid dynasty 50 ingenious mechanical devices, developed segmental gears, mechanical controls, escapement mechanisms, clocks, robotics etc. Protocols for designing and manufacturing methods RENAISSANCE ERA First electrical engineer: William Gilbert First steam engine, 1698, Thomas Savery, rise to the industrial revolution, mass production Rise of engineering as a profession, 18th century Mechanicals arts, incorporated into engineering MODERN ERA Electral engineering, origins in the experiments of Alessandro Volta, 19th century Invention of the electric motor, 1872
was laid, collection of folklore 1869 First all-Estonian Song Festival in Tartu 1884 The blue-black-and-white flag of Estonian Students' Society was consecrated 24 February 1918 the birth of the Republic of Estonia 23 June 1919 victory over Landeswehr in the Battle of Võnnu 2 February 1920 Tartu Peace Treaty with Russians 1920-1940 independent Republic of Estonia 23 August 1939 Molotov and Ribbentrop sign secret protocols according to which Estonia is annexed to Soviet sphere of influence 1945-1991 Soviet occupation 1988 Activities of Popular Front and the Singing Revolution 19-21 August 1991 coup d'état in Soviet Union 20 August 1991 Estonia declares independence and is recognised by about 40 countries. 1992 New constitution is adopted, money reform, Estonia is admitted to Council of Europe 1997 European Union starts accession negotiations
1964 – Baran – packet-switching in military nets 1967 – ARPAnet conceived by Advanced Research Projects Agency 1969 – first ARPAnet node operational 1972 – ARPAnet demonstrated publicly, first e-mail program * 1972 – 1980 – Internetworking, new and proprietary nets 1970 – ALOHAnet satellite network in Hawaii 1973 – Metcalfe’s PhD thesis proposes Ethernet 1974 – Cerf and Kahn – architecture for interconnecting networks * 1980 – 1990 – new protocols, a poliferation of networks 5 1982 – SMTP e-mail protocol 1983 – deployment of TCP/IP, DNS defined for name-to-IP-address translation 1985 – FTP protocol defined 1988 – TCP congestion control * 1990’s – commercialization, the WWW Early 1990’s – ARPAnet decommissioned 1991 – NSF lifts restrictions on commercial use of NSFnet
imageshack.us/img122/2430/31di1.jpg in Tartu. Independent Republic of Estonia Click to edit Master text styles Second level · Konstantin Päts elected Third level President 1938. Fourth level · 23 August 1939 Fifth level Molotov & Ribbentrop sign secret protocols of German-USSR. http://kudevita.webs.com/mrp-pakt.jpg Lost of independence Click to edit Master text styles · 1940-1941 - Soviet occupation. Second level · 1941-1944 - World War II Third level German occupation. Fourth level · 1945-1991 Soviet occupations. Fifth level · Mass deportations (1941, 1949).
monitoring and proper equipment. Solution Scheme First of all we have made a simple scheme, which you can see on Figure 3. Figure 3.The main scheme Components Secondly, for our project we need proper equipment. As a servers we use the computers with operating system Linux and an open source telephony engine Asterisk IP-PBX. Asterisk possesses all possibilities of classical automatic telephone exchange, supports most of VoIP protocols and provides functions of voice mail, conferences, -5- the interactive voice menu (IVR), the centre of processing of calls - statement of calls to turn and their distribution on agents using various algorithms, record CDR and other functions. On the one hand, the server is connected with telephone lines and can incorporate to any phone of the world. On the other hand, the server is connected with the Internet and can contact any
e (royalpug.com, relay1.caliphate.royalpug.com, CNAME) Type MX - Value on meiliserveri kanooniline nimi, millel on alias host nimi Name. 17. Töökindel andmeedastus Ehk..TCP? Aga selle kohta on all mitu küsimust ju? Või ta mõtleb p2p andmeedastust? 3.4 Principles of Reliable Data Transfer Lk 28 Merikese 230 lk konspektist Eksamil vaja teada - millised on töökindla andmevahetuse tagamisega seotud probleemid ja kuidas neid lahendada 18. Go-back-n: PIPELINED PROTOCOLS: ● Pipelining: Sender allows multiple, “in-flight”, yet-to-be-ack-d packets ○ Range of sequence numbers must be increased ○ Buffering at sender and/or receiver ● Pipelined protocols: ○ go-Back-N ○ Selective repeat ● Go-Back-N ○ Sender can have up to N unacked packets in pipeline
Much of first aid is common sense and people are almost certain to learn some elements as they go through their life. Such as knowing to put on a plaster to a cut on a finger). However, effective life saving first aid needs training by experts, especially where it relates to possibly fatal illnesses and injuries. To be adequately trained, a person must pass a course, but then due to regular changes in procedures and protocols, must attend regular courses in order to ensure they are doing the best for their patient. 6. Medicine and elements of medical care Medicine is the art of healing. The modern practice of medicine occurs between the art of healing and various sciences. Medicine is a branch of the health sciences and is the part of public life concerned with keeping or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, treatment and possible prevention of disease and injury. Broadly speaking, the
The Revisions Working Group—a group of 12 individuals representing a broad range of constituencies and geographic areas—worked for six months to propose revisions to the Guidelines. GRI is developing sector supplements that will identify and address sector-specific issues that are not reflected in the core Guidelines for inclusion in sustainability reports. GRI has begun developing its first technical protocols to support specific indicators. GRI also plans to produce issue guidance documents that will guide reporting organisations that wish to organise their reports along thematic lines. 11 6. LINKAGES BETWEEN SUSTAINABILITY AND FINANCIAL REPORTING Sustainability Information and Internal Business Analysis Two key components of internal business analysis are:
oid=31237&act=ShowNotion&NotionId=2340] 13) Easy Streaming, 2007.[ http://www.videolan.org/doc/streaming-howto/en/ch02.html]. 14) Introduction to video compression. Berkeley Design Technology Inc. [http://www.videsignline.com/howto/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=185301351] 15) MPEG tutvustus, 2005. [http://www.arvutiweb.ee/index2.php? option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=154] 16) Quicktime Streaming. [http://www.apple.com/quicktime/technologies/streaming/] 17) Streaming Media protocols.[ http://all-streaming-media.com/faq/streaming-media/faq- streaming-media-protocols.htm] 18) Streaming Methods: Web Server vs. Streaming Media Server, 2010. [http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windowsmedia/compare/WebServVStreamServ. aspx] 19) Wikipedia, 8.02.2010. Webcast. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webcast] 20) Wikipedia, 2.12.2009. Video compression. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_compression] 21) The Scalable Video Coding Amendment of the H.264/AVC Standard.
reproduced, systematic error investigation) 2 Introduction CPN • CPN is a graphical language for concurrent system design and analysis and also general-purpose modelling environment and also applicable for industrial projects and high level programming. • Petri nets provide(– graphical notation– modelling concurrency, communication, synchronisation) • CPN application domains that are typical(– communication protocols, data networks, distributed algorithms) • Broader CPN applications for concurrent systems(– business processes and workflows, manufacturing systems, multi- agent systems) CPN models are(– executable and used to model and specify the behaviour of concurrent systems- events cause the system to change states – simulations of the model to investigate different
3 tähenduses. Tänapäeval on võrgu kiirused aga juba 1 Gbit/s. Keskmine pakett on pikkusega 649.1 baiti. Paketi suurus 64 to 1526 baiti. etherneti pakett 8 bait - preambul - ülesannetes ei arvestata, 6 bait - saaja aadress, 6 bait - saatja aadress, 2 bait pikkus, 46-1500 - andmed (data), CRC - 4 bait The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the core protocols of the Internet protocol suite. TCP provides reliable, in-order delivery of a stream of bytes, making it suitable for applications like file transfer and e-mail. It is so important in the Internet protocol suite that sometimes the entire suite is referred to as "the TCP/IP protocol suite." GSM sagedustel 900 ja 1800 (ka 850 ja 1900) | edastusvõimsus 900 2 W ja 1800 1 W GSM: kanali samm 200kHz, efektiivsus: 1,35; 270kbit/s, kasutajale on aga 9,6 (14,4) kbit/s; kanalile 115 kbit/s Up 890
Jus in bello law that governs the way in which warfare is conducted IHL divided into: Geneva law protects victims of war (wounded and sick, shipwrecked, prisoners of war, civilians) Named after the 4 Geneva Conventions, from 1949 (last version of the Geneva Conventions). I wounded and sick armies, II wounded and sick shipwrecked navy, III prisoners of war, IV civilians. After that 2 additional protocols, in 1977. I international armed conflicts, II non- international armed conflicts. Very well written documents the Geneva Conventions. Basically all countries are member states. That's why new provisions were adopted as protocols. III additional protocol about symbols. 1977 protocols have mixed stuff of Geneva and Hague law. Hague law regulates/limits the means and methods of warfare; provides rules how you can
1 baiti. Paketi suurus 64 to 1526 baiti. TCP- TCP tagab nelja asja täitmist: etherneti pakett - 8 bait - preambul - ülesannetes ei arvestata | 6 bait - saaja aadress 6 bait - saatja aadress |2 bait pikkus| 46-1500 - andmed (data)| CRC - 4 bait 1. paketi saatmine saatjalt saatjale. Kui pole võimalik, annab rakendusele teada. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the core protocols of the Internet protocol suite. TCP provides reliable, in-order delivery of a stream of bytes, making 2. Paketi ja sõnumi kontrollsumma arvutamine. it suitable for applications like file transfer and e-mail. It is so important in the Internet protocol suite that sometimes the entire suite is referred to as "the TCP/IP protocol 3. Duplikaatpakettide kõrvaldamine suite
ARVUTIVÕRKUDE EKSAMIKÜSIUSED 2014 *Erki* 1. Üldine kommunikatsiooni mudel Üldises kommunikatsiooni mudelis on alati kaks poolt saatja ja vastuvõtja. Terves süsteemis on meil sisuliselt viis osa: 1)allikas, mis genereerib andmeid 2)saatja, mis teisendab andmed transportimiseks sobivale kujule 3)edasustusüsteem, mis transpordib signaalid ühest kohast teise 4)vastuvõtja, mis võtab signaali ja teisendab selle jälle adressaadi jaoks sobivale kujule 5)adressaat, kellele need allika poolt saadetud andmed on mõeldud kasutamiseks 2. Kommunikatsioonisüsteemi ülesanded 1)Edastussüsteemi kasulikkus seisneb selles, et teha transport saatja ja vastuvõtja vahel nii efektiivseks kui võimalik. (Mõistlik kasutamine/koormamine) 2)Liidestamine - kommunikatsiooni tagamine saatja/vastuvõtja ja edastussüsteemi vahel läbi liideste. 3)Signaali genereerimine kommunikatsiooni tagamiseks peavad signaalide omadused olema sellised, et neid oleks võimal...
NB! Konspektis pole peaaegu ühtegi joonist. Eksamil võivad olla joonised vajalikud. 1. Üldine kommunikatsiooni mudel Üldises kommunikatsiooni mudelis on alati kaks poolt saatja ja vastuvõtja. Terves süsteemis on meil sisuliselt viis osa: 1)allikas, mis genereerib andmeid 2)saatja, mis teisendab andmed transportimiseks sobivale kujule 3)edasustusüsteem, mis transpordib signaalid ühest kohast teise 4)vastuvõtja, mis võtab signaali ja teisendab selle jälle adressaadi jaoks sobivale kujule 5)adressaat, kellele need allika poolt saadetud andmed on mõeldud kasutamiseks 2. Kommunikatsioonisüsteemi ülesanded Kommunikatsioonisüsteemi ülesanded on: 1)Edastussüsteemi kasulikkus seisneb selles, et teha transport saatja ja vastuvõtja vahel nii efektiivseks kui võimalik. 2)Liidestamine - kommunikatsiooni tagamine saatja/vastuvõtja ja edastussüsteemi vahel läbi liideste. 3)Signaali genereerimine kommunikatsiooni tagamiseks peavad signaalide om...
7. Software support (compiler) - rakendustarkvara kättesaadavus ja hulk; 8. Hardware compatibility - platvormide (protsessorite) hulk; 9. Royalty free/Source available - opsüsteemi koodi kättesaadavus ja litsentsitasu; 10. Context switch time - konteksti lülitamise (vahetamise) kiirus ja moodused; 11. Cost - hind, paremad kipuvad kallimad olema; 12. Available alternatives - sobivus teiste opsüsteemidega; 13. Supported network protocols - võrguprotokollide tugi.] Ei tea kas on õige??? RAS Tarkvarasüsteemi disain 46. Millistest faasidest koosneb manussüsteemide arendustsükkel? 1. esimene faas iseseisev arvutisüsteem mikroprotsessoril (tavaliselt ilma operatsioonisüsteemita), mis põhimõtteliselt realiseerib tulevase toote funktsioonid; see faas realiseeritakse rakendust tundvate spetsialistide poolt, kes ei pruugi olla hiilgavad
Moreover, Edwards et 2 al (2006) used a different psychological stress protocol (PASAT) than the one we employed (TSST) and this may also have contributed to the differences in results between the studies. Further research using earlier time points would resolve this problem and provide for a better comparison between the effects of the two psychological stress protocols on plasma IL-6. Moreover, many of the studies using TSST as the psychological stress protocol in relation to an increase in IL-6 have used isolated leucocytes in vitro rather than plasma IL-6 measurements (Steptoe et al 2007). Despite these findings that show an association between cortisol and ER types, more studies are needed, as there are several limitations to the present study. Firstly the participants were restricted to males and the findings may not be applicable to
hospital, or vice versa. Table 1: Trends in integration initiatives 1980s 1990s 2000s · coordinated working · inter-agency working · inter-professional working · shared planning · intermediate care · whole systems working · coordinated care · shared protocols · integrated delivery · care programmes · managed care networks · case/care management · disease management · patient-centred care · shared decision-making · integrated care pathways
INTRODUCTION OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (SCM) A supply chain is a network of facilities and distribution options that performs the functions of procurement of materials, transformation of these materials into intermediate and finished products, and the distribution of these finished products to customers. Supply chains exist in both service and manufacturing organizations, although the complexity of the chain may vary greatly from industry to industry and firm to firm. Supply chain management is typically viewed to lie between fully vertically integrated firms, where the entire material flow is owned by a single firm and those where each channel member operates independently. Therefore coordination between the various players in the chain is key in its effective management. Cooper and Ellram [1993] compare supply chain management to a well-balanced and well-practiced relay team. Such a team...
ARPAnet node operational // 1972: ARPAnet demonstrated publicly NCP (Network Control Protocol) first host-host protocol. /// First e-mail programm. /// ARPA net has 15 nodes 1972-1980: Internetworking, new and proprietary nets: 1970: ALOHAnet satellite network in Hawaii // 1973: Metcalfe's PhD thesis proposes Ethernet // 1974: Cerf and Kahn architecture for interconnecting networks // late70's: proprietary architectures: DECnet, SNA, XNA 1980-1990: new protocols, a proliferation of networks: 1983: deployment of TCP/IP // 1982: SMTP e-mail protocol defined // 1983: DNS defined for name-to-IPaddress translation // 1985: FTP protocol defined // new national networks: Csnet, BITnet, NSFnet, Minitel // 100,000 hosts connected to confederation of networks. 1990, 2000's: commercialization, the Web, new apps: Early 1990's: ARPAnet decommissioned // early 1990s: Web hypertext [Bush 1945, Nelson1960's] // HTML, HTTP:
Projects Agency // 1969: first ARPAnet node operational // 1972: ARPAnet demonstrated publicly NCP (Network Control Protocol) first host-host protocol. /// First e-mail programm. /// ARPA net has 15 nodes 1972-1980: Internetworking, new and proprietary nets: 1970: ALOHAnet satellite network in Hawaii // 1973: Metcalfe’s PhD thesis proposes Ethernet // 1974: Cerf and Kahn – architecture for interconnecting networks // late70’s: proprietary architectures: DECnet, SNA, XNA 1980-1990: new protocols, a proliferation of networks: 1983: deployment of TCP/IP // 1982: SMTP e-mail protocol defined // 1983: DNS defined for name-to- IPaddress translation // 1985: FTP protocol defined // new national networks: Csnet, BITnet, NSFnet, Minitel // 100,000 hosts connected to confederation of networks. 1990, 2000’s: commercialization, the Web, new apps: Early 1990’s: ARPAnet decommissioned // early 1990s: Web hypertext [Bush 1945,
SIPP Single In-line Pin Package SIR Serial Infrared [Hewlett-Packard] SIRDS Single-Image Random Dot Stereogram SIS Single-Image Stereogram SISL System Interrupt Steering Logic SISNET Signal In Space Through The Internet SI/SO Serial In/Serial Out + Shift In/Shift Out SIT Special Information Tones .SIT Stuff-It (compressed file name extension) [Macintosh] SIU System Interface Unit SIV System Integrity Verifier SKIP Simple Key-Management for Internet Protocols [Sun] SKU# Stock Keeping Unit Number SLA Service Level Agreement SLB Static Load Balancing SLC Subscriber Line Concentrator SLD Second-Level Domain (name) SLDT Store Local Descriptor Table SLED Single Large Expensive Disk SLI Session Level Interface SLIC System Level Integration Circuit + System Licensed Internal Code [IBM] SLIM Structured Language for Internet Markup SLIP Serial Line Interface Protocol SLM Spatial Light Modulator SLMR Silly Little Mail Reader
Andmeturve Meelis Roos Kursiivis tekst on Meelis Roosi loengukommentaaride põhjal lisatud. Kollasega märgitud osa kohta on Meelis Roos öelnud, et seda on ta tavaliselt eksamil küsinud. Kava · Turvaeesmärgid, ohud, riskianalüüs, turvapoliitika, turbestrateegiad, turvatasemed, turvastandardid · Mitmekasutajasüsteemide turve, DAC & MAC, usaldatavad süsteemid · Autentimismeetodid, paroolid, NIS(+), Kerberos, NT domeenid, LDAP kataloogid, Active Directory, single signon · PKI (avaliku võtme infrastruktuuride) idee, rakendamine autentimisel ja signeerimisel, hierarhiad · Ohud võrgus, tulemüürid, krüpto rakendamine · Rünnakute avastamine: IDS (Intrusion Detection System), logimine; taasteplaanid; turvaprobleemide PR · Viirused, ussid, trooja hobused, tagauksed, ... · Privaatsus ja anonüümsus Internetis · Pöördkodeerimine, seadused, kopeerimiskaitsed, ... Kirjandus · Infosüsteemide turve 1: turvarisk. Vello Hanson, Märt Laur, Monika Oit, Kr...
It doesn't matter how ripped you are if you're dead. In 1999, four years of experimentation later and much the wiser, I had eliminated the contributing factors that led to heat stroke conditions (in my case, all exercise or sun exposure at 70%+ humidity) and began to combine ECA with timed cold exposure. The outcome: in four weeks, I lost what usually took up to eight weeks with ECA alone, and I did it without the side effects. I used two different protocols, both of which worked: PROTOCOL A 1. I consumed the ECA stack 45 minutes prior to cold-bath immersion on an empty stomach. Though the metabolism of ca eine (ca eine clearance) varies from person to person, I assumed that blood concentration would peak between 60 and 90 minutes postoral consumption, which was based on the average pharmacokinetics of ca eine in white male subjects. Pharmacokinetics, usually in graph form, show the relative blood concentrations of a speci c
Kultuurialaste veebisaitide kvaliteedikäsiraamat Kvaliteedi parendamine kodanike hüvanguks Versioon 1.2 kavand Kultuuriveebi sisu ja kvaliteedipõhimõtete piiritlemine lähtudes kasutajate vajadustest Toimetanud MINERVA 5. töörühm. 6. november 2003 MINERVA 5. töörühm Kultuuriveebi sisu ja kvaliteedipõhimõtete piiritlemine lähtudes kasutajate vajadustest Tegevuse eestvedaja Henry Ingberg (Prantsuse Kogukonna Ministeeriumi kantsler, Belgia) Koordinaator Isabelle Dujacquier (Prantsuse Kogukonna Ministeerium, Belgia) Liikmed: Majlis Bremer-Laamanen (Soome Rahvusraamatukogu); Eelco Bruinsma, Digitaalpärandi lähtekohad (Madalmaad); David Dawson, Ressursid (Ühendkuningriik); Ana Maria Duran, Kultuurivõrk (Rootsi); Pierluigi Feliciati (Itaalia); Fedora Filippi (Rooma Arheoloogiajärelevalve Amet, Itaalia); Muriel Foulonneau Euroopa kultuurivaramu (Prantsusmaa); Antonella Fresa, MINERVA tehniline koordinaator; Franca Garzotto (Milano ...
9/6/2011 Eesmärk · Kursuse läbinud üliõpilane: omab teadmisi teadusfilosoofia sissejuhatusest, äriuuringute spetsiifikast, uuringu ülesehitusest ja uurimisprotsessi etappidest; teadmisi kvantitatiivsete ja kvalitatiivsete andmete kogumise ja Majandusalased uurimismee...
parandavad koodid võimaldavad parandada avastatud vigu. Sellised koodid on keerulisemad ja pikemad ning neid kasutatakse üpris harva. Pigem on eesmärk viga teada saada ja pakett ära visata ning parandamine jääb ikkagi ülemiste kihtide ülesandeks, sest igat paketti ei ole mõtet parandada. Kui on tegemist sellise andmeedastusega, kus paketid võivad kaduma minna, siis võib vigase paketi rahulikult ära visata. 38. Multipöördusprotokollid Multipöörduprotokollid ehk Multiple Access Protocols. Kanalid, mida mööda andmed transporditakse võivad olla punkt-punkt ühendusega, kus kahe võrgusõlme vahel on üks ainuke kanal ja keegi teine võrgusõlmedes seal kanali peal ees ei ole. Teine variant on ühise kasutusega ehk jagatud kanal ehk leviedastusega kanal, kus ühe kanali peal on palju võrgusõlmi (rohkem, kui kaks). Kui on tegemist kahe võrgusõlmega, siis tüüpiliselt on nende vahel pooldupleks või täisdupleks nii, et üks oma saatmisega teise saatmist ei sega.
But the inability of the computer to accept approximations now means that metals, with their inherent precision, can be fabricated and erected to much tolerances. This increased accuracy is accompanied by changes in measuring methods, both on the shop floor and on site (LeCuyer, 2003). The integration of CAD-CAM processes is changing the relationship between designers, fabricators and contractors. Formerly distanced by legal and contractual protocols, they are now collaborating more closely, with architects either supplying the geometric rulebook to consultants and contractors who then build their own three-dimensional models or, alternatively, architects providing the model and database directly to the team, hence assuming more control and risk for what happens from that point on. 1.7. Fabrication With complex buildings, the speed of 3D modeling becomes a major asset. According to
Interdistsiplinaarsus on tõlkimise uurimise puhul olemuslik ja täiesti loomulik, kuid ka problemaatiline, kuna võib juhtuda, et uurija ei tunne kasutatava meetodi lähtevaldkonda eriti põhjalikult, kui üldse. Probleeme võib tekkida eriti siis, kui tahetakse meetodit (nt mõnda küsimustikku või katse ülesehitust) kohandada, kuigi tegelikkuses annab see usaldusväärseid tulemusi just sellisena, nagu see on välja töötatud. 3 Think-aloud protocols (TAP). 4 Eye-tracking. 162 Tõlkimine Uurimuste aluseks olevaid teooriaid ja meetodeid luuakse ka tõlketeaduses endas. Üks selline meetod on näiteks Choice Network Analysis (Campbell 2001), mille puhul konstrueeritakse tõlkija mõt- lemisprotsessi mudeleid mitme tõlkija poolt tehtud sama lähteteksti tõlgete alusel. Kuna tõlketeadus on arenenud kiiresti ja uurimisteemad
because of the very high temperatures used International Agency of Research on Cancer. (Sinha et al. 1998). Lower levels of HAs are Information about PAH content in 313 food Detection of Chemical Hazards 473 items in 23 countries was recently created ent woods after specific pyrolisis conditions (Jakszyn et al. 2004). Formaldehyde has been and extraction protocols. In addition to identified as promoting cancerous tumors. forming part of smoke flavorings, these Some smoke phenols could react to form primary products can be used as such in highly toxic nitrosophenols that could further foods. Smoke flavorings have a wide vari- react to form toxic reaction products, such as ability of compounds, including polycyclic nitrophenols, polymeric nitrosic compounds, aromatic hydrocarbons (Jennings 1990;
WINDOWS OUTSIDE Версия 1.00 С пожеланиями обращайтесь по адресу [email protected]. © skruks, 2013 Каждый имеет право воспроизводить, распространять и/или вносить изменения в настоящий Документ в соответствии с условиями GNU Free Documentation License, Версией 1.3 или любой более поздней версией, опубликованной Free Software Foundation; данный Документ не содержит Неизменяемых разделов, не содержит Текста, помещаемого на первой странице обложки и не содежит Текста, помещаемого на последней страницы обложки. Копия лицензионного соглашения размещена по адресу: www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html. Неофициальный перевод данного соглашения на русский язык: ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Википедия:Текст_лицензии_GNU_Free_Docume ntation_License_1.3 О книге Красным шрифтом указана информация, которая является кандидатом на удаление в следующих версиях книги. Сокр...
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