Newfoundland & Labrador and Alberta
of the Labrador Peninsula. Lands drained by rivers that flow into the Atlantic Ocean are part of
Labrador, the rest belong to Quebec. Labrador's extreme northern tip, at 60°22'N, shares a short
border with Nunavut. Labrador's area (including associated small islands) is 294,330 km2.
Labrador is the easternmost part of the Canadian Shield, a vast area of ancient metamorphic rock
comprising much of northeastern North America. The Long Range Mountains on
Newfoundland's west coast are the northeasternmost extension of the Appalachian Mountains.
The north-south extent of the province (46°36'N to 60°22'N), prevalent westerly winds, cold
ocean currents and local factors such as mountains and coastline combine to create the various
climates of the province. Northern Labrador is classified as a polar tundra climate, southern
Labrador is considered to be a subarctic climate while most of Newfoundland would be
considered to have a humid continental climate.
Agriculture