TheCodeBreakers
Most messages mean little standing
alone; only context makes them comprehensible. Cryptanalysis thus
complements other forms of intelligence, overt and covert, just as they
complement it.
Perhaps it is the incompleteness of cryptanalytic intelligence that led
to American officials' apparently disbelieving it at the time of the Suez
crisis, despite its seemingly unimpeachable authenticity. Just after that
crisis had passed its peak, George Wigg, a Labor Member of Parliament,
told newspapermen that the United States had broken British, French,
and Israeli codes and so had prior knowledge of plans for their invasion
of Egypt at the end of October and beginning of November, 1956. Though
he attributed the solution to the "United States Air Research and
Development Command, Griffis Air Force Base, Rome, New York," Wigg's
basic point seems to have been independently confirmed by C.I.A. chief
Allen Dulles, who
wrote several years later of the Suez invasion: "Here intelligence was
annaabi.ee 
