Australia
In ten years the population rose from
405 000 to 1 146 000. At first this brought confusion and lawlessness but order was
gradually restored and in the end Australia gained many benefits. With and increased
population agriculture became more important and extended more easily along the
railways, which were built first to link the mining settlements with the coast.
Kalgoorlie is an important mining town near Perth. A pipeline, 350 miles long,
brings water to it from Mundaring reservoir behind Perth.
Water has to be carried to another important mining centre on the edge of the
desert in western New South Wales. This is Broken Hill where there are great silver;
lead and zinc mines. These metals are now more valuable than gold. They are sent by
train to be smelted in Port Pirie. Much zinc is then sent to Tasmania for refining.
Afterwards the zinc is used for making iron sheeting for roofs, building and water
storage tanks.
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