"lynchings" - 1 õppematerjal

Cialdini raamat

Thus, the Washington- based victories came to feel like defeats at home. For example, in the four years fol- lowing the Supreme Court's 1954 decision to integrate all public schools, blacks were the targets of 530 acts of violence (direct intimidation of black children and parents, bombings and burnings) designed to prevent school integration. This vio- lence generated the perception of another sort of setback in black progress. For the first time since well before World War II, when lynchings had occurred at an aver- age rate of 78 per year, blacks had to be concerned about the basic safety of their families. The new violence was not limited to the education issue, either. Peaceful civil rights demonstrations of the time were frequently confronted by hostile crowds-and police. Still another type of downturn occurred within the black populace in economic progress. In 1962, the income of a black family had slid back to 74 percent of that of a similarly educated white family