"locutionary" - 1 õppematerjal

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asserting. Declaratives can be uttered with other forces as well. If I were to delete the performative prefaces from (9)­(12) and say only "We are overextended . . . ," 148 Pragmatics and speech acts "The Committee has voted . . . ," and so on, in the same contexts, those utter- ances would have the forces respectively of a judgment, a report, an advising, and a warning. Austin called this type of feature "illocutionary force," and he contrasted it with "locutionary" or propositional content.1 In different contexts, the same declarative may have different illocution- ary forces. "That Rottweiler has been starved for three days and is peevish" could have the force of a threat rather than a warning; or it could be merely an observation; or (notice) it could be a soothing reassurance. Even children recognize differences in potential force: A complaint such as "If you don't quit it I'm going home" is met by the gibe, "Is that a threat or a promise?"