Psühholoogia bioloogiline-, kognitiivne- ja sotsiaalne vaade
Bartlett found that people had problems remembering a story
from another culture, and that they reconstructed the story to fit their cultural
schemas. He demonstrated that people remember in terms of meaning and
what makes sense to them.
Discuss how and why particular research methods are used at the cognitive level
of analysis.
Cognitive psychologists have to a large extent used the experimental method, because
it was assumed to be the most scientific. Karl Lashely made experiments with rats by
teaching them to run mazes and then cut off parts of their brains to see that the
memory of the maze still remained. However, the experimental tasks did not always
resemble what people did in their daily lives. Cognition cannot be isolated from our
everyday experiences and experiments suffer from artificiality. That is why scientists
now study cognition in the laboratory as well as in a daily context.
Another method widely used is case studies (e.g
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