Notes, Jews in the USSR, 1917-2000
1939,
started evacuating. Stalin thought 43-44, war. Purges, Winter War, military needed
improvement, military industrial complex and factories and personnel moved E.
Disassemble, move by rail beginning 1939. They know what happened in Spain,
total war. Disproportionate # of Js in SU industry, moved E. Js involved in evacuation
because of potential for betraying, wealthy capitalists? Crimean factories moved on
kurdish straits. Uk factories not moved, Ger war too fast. Month and a half, most J
kolkhozes moved. Also evacuated govt officials, those at risk. Also unorganized
evacuation, not govt sponsored, those who had feeling, foot, train, cart, sometimes
on own, sometimes sponsored by local or abroad org, hundreds of thousands. Many
also leaving from C and W Europe. Hundreds of thousands E of Urals where almost
no Js were before 1941, not GULag inmates, free SU citizens, living marginally, some
employed. During war, major food and housing shortages, no infrastructure. Exiled
annaabi.ee 
