THE PSYCHOLOGY OF COMMUNICATION
%;*%&."%#'>-)&"35%A."%/"4"B>">"%+4+,'/*%-3':$!"(%+4%
'3/+4$(>$#%>'!",5%%A.$(%>'!",%!"(#3$;"(%+%#),&)3"%+(%+%4"&9'3=%'2%-"'-,"%
9.'%#+4%#'>>)4$#+&"% 9$&.% '4"% +4'&."31% ;"#+)("% &."*% (.+3"% +% (*(&">% '2%
P
>">"(5
! A.$(%/3')-%#+4%:+3*%$4%($I"%23'>%')3%(-"#$"(%+(%+%9.',"%&'%&."%(>+,,1%
$4&$>+&"%('#$"&*%'2%&."%2+>$,*5%%J"4"&$#%(&)!$"(%.+:"%!">'4(&3+&"!%&.+&%9"%
+3"% +,,% '4"%2+>$,*1% 9.$#.%(-3"+!% ')&% &.3')/.')&% ')3%-,+4"&%23'>% <+(&%72B
3$#+%':"3%&."%,+(&%KL1LLL%'3%('%*"+3(5%%<+#.%'2%)(%#+4%!4!%')&%9."3"%9"%!&%
$4%&.$(%2+>$,*%;*%("4!$4/%')3%MN7%&'%&."%J"4'/3+-.$#%O3'P"#&1% #'4!)#&"!%
;*%N+&$'4+,%J"'/3+-.$#%QR'('>"1% 9.$#.%$(%-+(("!% '4% )4#.+4/"!%23'>% 2+B
&."3%&'%('41% +4!%9'>"4%#+4%&3+#"%&."$3%3')&"%&.3')/.%>$&+#.'4!3$+,%MN71%
9.$#.%$(%-+(("!%'4%)4#.+4/"!% 23'>% >'&."3%&'%!+)/.&"3%Q?VWB
>)4$'4%9$&.$4%+%(-"#$"(%9.$#.%(.+3"(%/"4"(%$(%+%!3>%2')4!+&$'4%2'3%#'>B