THE PSYCHOLOGY OF COMMUNICATION
7# #D*# !2*+*4"+*# %**(# !"#"'$()%*+ %"!# !2*# :*%.),#"4#
E01*+!# @.%,!*.%# "+# F'+:'+*!#F*'(#G"+#&2"*-*+#3")#!2.%$#2',#/",!#4)003#
+*'0.C*(#!2*# 2)/'%#5"!*%!.'0H#1)!# +'!2*+# &23# &*# '+*# %"!#)((#@.%,!*.%,#"+#
F*'(,7##D23#'+*#/",!#"4#),#,!)%!*(I##
! E1+'2'/# F',0"&# '+:)*,#!2'!9# '0!2"):2#!2*#1."0":.6'09# ,"6."0":.<
6'09# '%(# 5,362"0":.6'0# %**(,#/),!# '00# 1*# ,'!.,4.*(# 13# !2*# ,'/*# %*+-"),#
,3,!*/9# !2*3#'+*# %'!)+'003#.%#2'+/"%37##82*# %**(,#'+*#"+:'%.C*(#.%# '# 2.<
*+'+623# JFEKLMD# NOPQR7S # # T."0":.6'0# %**(,# '+*# /",!# 5"!*%!U# &2*%#
!2*3# '+*# ,'!.,4.*(9# ,"6."0":.6'0# %**(,# 1*6"/*# /",!# 5"!*%!U# '%(9# &2*%#
!""""""08!9:;<=<>98!:?!=!?:@AB:C:>=D:EF!EC!0=?BEGH?!9:;<=<>98I!:F!G9:>9!F;;J?!=<;!
>BK@A;J!:FDE!D9<;;!L=D;ME<:;?!N!L:EBEM:>=BI!?E>:EBEM:>=BI!=FJ!A?8>9EBEM:>=B#!!
&:?!9:M9;?D!F;;J!N!?;BCN=>DK=B:O=D:EF!N!:?!>EF?:J;<;J!9;<;!=?!D9;!<;=B:O=D:EF!EC!D9;!
CKBB!9K@=F!AED;FD:=BI!G9:>9!:FPEBP;?!?=D:?C=>D:EF!EC!=BB!D9E?;!?;D?!EC!F;;J?#
!""#$%&'()%"&'*"+,&')-
annaabi.ee 
