THE PSYCHOLOGY OF COMMUNICATION
&$144"6& "*1)#!&0"#()"(%&
'#&,'6&-'-0%B9&C-&/"6&7*%+/'*%!&'#-1&-,%&(%#%-'$& $1!%&12&5%%6&+&-,"-& '6.& '-& /"6&
(%#%-'$& #1-& !"#$%(%#%-'$9&:,'6&"*()4%#-& /"6&8'#!'$"-%!&5?& 0"-%*&/1*>&5?&
81#&<*'6$,& ,'46%02& 1#&!'"0%$-6&'#&5%%69& D,%#&E1*-,&F4%*'$"#&5%%6&/%*%&
O
4"-%!& /'-,& G)*17%"#& 5%%6& /'-,& "& !'22%*%#-& =!'"0%$-=.& -,%& 61#6& 12& 5%%6&
$1)0!& #1-& $144)#'$"-%& /'-,& %'-,%*& 7"*%#-.& 6'#$%& -,%'*& =0"#()"(%=& /"6&
614%&$147*14'6%&5%-/%%#&-,%&-/1&!'"0%$-6&H;IE&<JCKL@&MNOPQ9
R
! C#&4?&'#-*1!)$-1*?&76?$,101(?&-%R-511>.& C&'#$0)!%!&"&211-#1-%& -1&
-,%& -,'*!& !'6-'#()'6,'#(& !%6'(#& 2%"-)*%& 12& ,)4"#& 0"#()"(%& +& !)"0'-?& 12&
7"--%*#'#(& +& /,'$,& 6-"-%!& -,"-& C& !'!#S-& )#!%*6-"#!& -,'6& 2%"-)*%&
HTFJUCEGJ& MNPVQ9W && C#& -,%& 6%$1#!& %!'-'1#.& C& "!!%!& "& 211-#1-%& -1& -,'6&
P
211-#1-%.& '#&/,'$,&C&6-"-%!&-,"-&C&,"!&-"0>%!&-1&L,"*0%6&@1$>%--&"51)-&-,'6&
2%"-)*%&"#!&C&6-'00&!'!#S-&)#!%*6-"#!&'-9&X1)S00&5%&,"77