Keelefilosoofia raamat
The
"secondary" understanding of (9) is much more common and natural.
6 Russell added a fifth puzzle as well, which we may call the Problem of the
Excluded Middle: Neither (1), "The present King of France is bald," nor its
apparent negation, "The present King of France is not bald," is true. Yet a law of
logic says that, of a sentence and its negation, one must be true. (Russell added
that, since it seems the King is neither bald nor not bald, "Hegelians, who love a
synthesis, will probably conclude that he wears a wig" (1905/1956: 48).) I leave it
to you as an exercise to solve this fifth puzzle, in light of Russell's treatments of
the other four.
192 Notes
7 Strawson notes that there are exceptions; occasionally a sentence containing
a nonreferring description is out-and-out false. See Neale (1990), Lasersohn
(1993), and Yablo (2006).
8 G. K. Chesterton bases one of his Father Brown mystery stories, "The Invisible
annaabi.ee 
